日本应对老龄化社会的交通安全策略

Traffic Safety Strategies on Population Aging in Japan

保障老年人交通安全是老龄化社会背景下各个国家普遍关注的重要问题之一。基于日本全国都市交通调查与交通事故报告,对老年人出行特征及交通事故特点进行分析。日本在建立及时有效的信息采集分析数据库基础上,根据老年人口结构、出行状况、交通事故等特征,通过完善法律法规、改善老年人步行环境、推广新型安全交通方式、提高老年安全驾驶综合能力、应用车辆安全驾驶辅助功能等应对策略保障老年人出行安全。最后,结合中国老龄化与老龄交通特点,提出建立老龄交通信息统计库、完善以老龄交通为主体的法律法规体系、将新兴科技运用到交通适老化调整中等建议。

Ensuring traffic safety of the elderly is a key focus in countries with an aging population.This paper presents an analysis of travel patterns and characteristics of accidents for the elderly,using information collected from a national urban travel survey and traffic accidents in Japan.Using timely and effective data collection and database analysis,Japan achieves improvements in traffic safety of the elderly through a range of strategies.Based on analysis of population structure,travel conditions,traffic accidents and other characteristics relevant to transit used by the elderly,such strategies include improving laws and regulations,developing senior-friendly walking environments,promoting new and safe travel modes,building up the capacity of the elderly for safe driving,and using auxiliary safety functions of vehicles.Finally,considering the characteristics of China’s aging population and transportation system for seniors,the paper suggests creating an information statistics bank for travel of the elderly,improving the legal system to prioritize senior-friendly transportation,and applying emerging technologies to support adjustment of senior-friendly travel.