北宋联章词的叙事和演唱

Ci Poems in Chapter-after-chapter Style in Northern Song Dynasty:Narratives and Singing

北宋联章词与唐代相比,故事情节更紧凑、更个性化,格调更文人化,演唱更程式化。演唱或发生在私家府邸或宫廷或公众娱乐场所。演唱伴奏常用鼓子,因而称鼓子词。私家演唱程式比较简单,宫廷演唱程式复杂,有念白、歌唱、伴舞、乐队。柳永、晏殊、张先、欧阳修引领了联章词创作和演唱的一代风尚,其后,苏轼将联章词写作和演唱带到路上,或京城或地方,或官府或民间。受他影响,苏门弟子和朋友们也创作用于联章演唱的组词,有时也为宫廷演唱写脚本,有些脚本则传到了南宋宫廷。

The Ci poems in chapter⁃after⁃chapter style in the Northern Song Dynasty(960-1127)usually have tight⁃knit plots,which are more highbrow and stylized than in the Tang dynasty.The singing generally took place in private residence,imperial palace or public places of entertainment.They were called“Guzi Ci”(“Drum lyrics”)as drums were often used in accompaniment.The lyrics sang in the imperial palace usually have recitative,singing,back dance,and orchestra,which are more complex than those in private residence.Liu Yong(柳永984-1053),Yan Shu(晏殊991-1055),Zhang Xian(张先990-1078),and Ouyang Xiu(欧阳修1007-1072)led the fashion in the composition and singing of Ci poems in this style.Later,Su Shi(苏轼1037-1107)brought them to the places he travelled,either the capital or regional places,official premises or civil communities.Su Shi had great influence upon his disciples and friends,who also composed Ci poems in this style for performance,some of which handed down to the Southern Song(1127-1279)palace.