基于正念的心身减压课程对女性医务人员焦虑和抑郁情绪的改善效果评价

Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction course on anxiety and depression among female medical personnel

目的 评价基于正念的心身减压课程对妇幼保健机构女性医务人员焦虑和抑郁情绪的改善效果,分析其正念水平与焦虑、抑郁水平的关系。方法 本研究于2018年9月至2019年10月在四川省、陕西省、广东省、河南省、山东省和浙江省招募妇幼保健机构的女性医务人员为研究对象,对其进行基于正念的心身减压课程干预,课程形式为2天的现场团体学习以及21天的网络学习。分别于2天团体学习前和21天网络练习后采用正念五因素量表(FFMQ)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行前、后测,并采用配对资料的t检验分析比较干预前后女性医务人员正念水平、焦虑、抑郁的变化。结果 本研究共纳入397名女性医务人员。相关分析显示,SAS总分和SDS总分与FFMQ总分均呈负相关(r值分别是-0.531、-0.609,P<0.01)。与前测量表得分相比,研究对象在干预后的FFMQ总分、“观察”和“不行动”维度后测得分均显著提升(t值分别为-7.947、-12.523、-5.879,P<0.05);SAS总分及各维度后测得分、SDS总分及各维度后测得分均显著下降(SAS:t值分别为6.070、4.974、5.172、3.486、1.933,P<0.05;SDS:t值分别为8.653、6.008、6.220、5.453、6.920,P<0.05)。结论 女性医务人员的正念水平与焦虑、抑郁水平呈负相关关系。基于正念的心身减压课程可以提高其正念水平,在一定程度上缓解其焦虑和抑郁情绪。

Objective To evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction course on anxiety and depression of female medical staff in maternal and child health care institutions, and to analyze the relationship between the level of mindfulness and anxiety and depression.Methods From September 2018 to October 2019,female medical personnel from maternal and child health care institutions in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Guangdong, Henan, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces were recruited as the research objects, and intervened with mindfulness-based stress reduction course.The format of the course was 2 days of on-site group learning and 21 days of online learning.Before the 2-day group study and after the 21-day online practice, the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ),the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) were used for pre-test and post-test respectively.Paired data t-test was used to analyze and compare the changes of mindfulness, anxiety and depression of female medical staff before and after the intervention.Results A total of 397 female medical staff were included in this study.Correlation analysis showed that the total scores of SAS and SDS were negatively correlated with the total scores of FFMQ(r values were-0.531 and-0.609,respectively, P<0.01).Compared with the scores of the pre-test, the post-test scores of FFMQ,observation dimension and inaction dimension after the intervention were significantly improved(t values were-7.947,-12.523,-5.879,respectively, P<0.01).The post-test scores of the total score of SAS and each dimension, and post-test scores of the total score of SDS and each dimension decreased significantly(SAS: t values were 6.070,4.974,5.172,3.486 and 1.933,respectively, P<0.05;SDS: t values were 8.653,6.008,6.220,5.453 and 6.920,respectively, P<0.05).Conclusion There was a negative correlation between the level of mindfulness and the level of anxiety and depression in female medical staff.Mindfulness-based stress reduction course can improve their mindfulness level and relieve their anxiety and depression to a certain extent.