朱增籍《疫证治例》论治疫病特色探析

Analysis on Characteristics of Epidemic Diseases Differentiation and Treatment in Cases of Epidemic Syndrome Treatment Written by ZHU Zengji

清代医家朱增籍善治疫病,集多年治疫经验著《疫证治例》5卷。朱氏论治疫病极具特色,他提出“沴气致疫说”,根据沴气在人体的传变途径,将疫病分为3个阶段:初起直中肺胃、中期缠绵中道、邪溃出入三阳三阴,并着重强调了疫病阴证的分类以及疫病与伤寒初起症状的鉴别。在治疗上,朱氏使用以芦根方为代表的清肺益胃法透解沴毒,蕴蓄三焦者从中道驱邪,出入三阴者扶阳祛沴,主张慎用寒凉之品,下不厌早,通畅肺胃,并采取脐贴法、熨法、点眼法等多种特色急救治法。该文将从以上几方面探析朱增籍《疫证治例》论治疫病的学术思想特色。

ZHU Zengji,a physician of the Qing Dynasty,was good at treating epidemic diseases.He collected many years of experience in epidemic treatment and wrote five volumes of Cases of Epidemic Syndrome Treatment.ZHU put forward the theory of miasmas causing epidemic.According to the transmission path of miasmas in human body,the epidemic disease is divided into three stages:causing the lung and stomach injury at the beginning,lingering the middle way at the middle stage,and breaking in and out of the three Yang and three Yin.He emphasized the classification of Yin syndrome of epidemic disease and the identification of initial symptoms of epidemic disease and typhoid fever.In terms of treatment,ZHU used the method of clearing lung and benefiting stomach represented by Lugen Decoction(芦根方)to penetrate the poison.Those who store the triple energizer drive away evil from the middle path,those who go in and out of three Yin help the Yang and dispel the poison.He advocated the cautious use of cold products,the purgation method should be used as soon as possible to unblock lung and stomach,and adopted a variety of characteristic first-aid treatment methods such as umbilical paste method,ironing method,eye point method and so on.This paper will analyze the academic ideological characteristics of ZHU Zengji’s Cases of Epidemic Syndrome Treatment on the treatment of epidemic diseases from the above aspects.