视觉搜索中注意模板促进搜索的内在机制

The internal mechanisms of attentional templates in facilitating visual search

生物的视觉搜索能力对适应外部复杂环境具有非常重要的生存意义。注意模板可以在搜索任务的过程中增强相关信息和抑制无关信息,从而快速找到目标。总结近期研究结果主要有以下发现:在建立注意模板的过程中并不能明确是基于语义信息还是视觉特征信息;注意模板不仅可以存储在工作记忆中,也可以存储在长时记忆中;不同类型注意模板的神经机制存在差异。未来的研究应关注注意模板在建立过程中内部信息如何传递,并关注不同人群注意模板的神经机制,以及解决拒绝模板抑制机制的理论争议。

The visual searchability of organisms has a crucial survival significance for adapting to a complex environment.Attentional templates can enhance relevant information and suppress irrelevant information to find the target quickly during the search task.Recent studies indicate that it is not clear whether the process of establishing attentional templates is based on semantic or visual feature information.Moreover,attentional templates can be stored in both the working and long-term memory,and there are differences in the neural mechanisms of different types of attentional templates.Future research should pay attention to how the internal information is transmitted during the establishment of attentional templates,the neural mechanisms of attentional templates in different populations,and resolve theoretical disputes about the suppression mechanism of rejection templates.