儿童髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病的MRI研究进展

Research progress of MRI on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease in children

髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病(myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disorder,MOGAD)是儿童中枢神经系统特发性炎性脱髓鞘疾病(idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases,IIDDs)的一组新亚型,可累及脑、视神经和脊髓。MOGAD需要个体化的临床管理和特定的治疗方案,但其临床表现与IIDDs的其他亚型存在一定重叠,临床鉴别较为困难。MRI软组织分辨率较高,具有多参数、多序列成像的优势,能够更好显示MOGAD与IIDDs其他亚型的神经影像学特征的差异,在MOGAD的诊断与鉴别诊断中发挥着重要作用。近年来有关MOGAD的研究主要集中于MRI常规序列上脑、视神经和脊髓病灶影像学特征的总结归纳,新序列、新技术在儿童MOGAD中的研究较少。因此,本文综述了儿童MOGAD的临床及MRI研究进展,以期提高对该病的认识水平。

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD)is a new subtype of idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease(IIDDs)of the central nervous system in children,involving the brain,optic nerve and spinal cord.MOGAD requires individualized clinical management and specific treatment regimens,but its clinical manifestations overlap with other subtypes of IIDDs,making clinical identification difficult.MRI has the advantages of high soft tissue resolution and multi-parameter and multi-sequence imaging,which can better display the differences of neuroimaging characteristics between MOGAD and other subtypes of IIDDs,and plays an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MOGAD.In recent years,studies on MOGAD have mainly focused on the summary and induction of imaging features of brain,optic nerve and spinal cord lesions based on MRI conventional sequences,while few studies on new sequences and new technologies have been performed on MOGAD in children.Therefore,this paper reviews the clinical and MRI research progress of MOGAD in children,in order to improve the level of understanding of the disease.