基于文献计量分析PBL在中国口腔医学教学的应用研究

Literature analysis of the application of problem-based learning in the stomatology education of China

目的 应用文献计量统计分析的方法研究问题式教学法(problem-based learning, PBL)在中国口腔医学教学中的应用与发展。方法 统计CNKI中国期刊全文数据库收录的PBL应用于口腔医学教学的文献研究,分析其年发表量、教学方向、学科分布、联合教学模式等。结果 近年来,PBL相关论文研究的发表量整体呈波动上升态势,PBL被应用于理论教学(135篇)与实践教学(93篇),并与其他教学方法模式如案例教学法(case-based learning,CBL)(31篇)、团队教学法(team-based learning, TBL)(9篇)以及虚拟仿真数字化教学(6篇)等多元结合。但PBL在口腔医学教学体系中学科分布发展不均,超过三分之一的相关论文没有明确指向的学科,而在有明确学科指向的论文里,各级亚学科论文发表量相差较大。结论 PBL是目前广泛采用且教学效果良好的口腔医学教学方法,正被广泛应用于口腔医学教育改革结构体系中。而如何解决PBL在各学科中应用发展不均衡的问题,避免PBL教学形式化,如何联合应用其他创新性教学模式并建立理想的PBL考核体系,是PBL应用于口腔医学教学上亟待解决的短板及未来研究的方向。

Objective To explore the application and development of problem-based learning(PBL) in stomatology education of China by bibliometric analysis. Methods The literatures on the application of PBL in stomatology education screened in CNKI Chinese Journal Full-text Database were enrolled. And the annual publication volume, teaching direction, subject distribution, and combined teaching mode of which were analyzed.Results In recent years, the publication number of PBL related articles have generally showed a fluctuating upward trend. According to the statistical analysis, PBL was applied in theoretical teaching(135 articles), and practical teaching(93 articles), and was gradually combined with other teaching methods such as case-based learning(CBL)(31 articles), team-based leaning(TBL)(9 articles) and virtual simulation digital teaching(6articles). However, the distribution and development of PBL applied in disciplines of stomatology education system were uneven. More than one-third of the relevant papers did not clearly state the discipline orientation. While in the papers with clear discipline orientation, the publication volume of papers in subdisciplines at all levels varied greatly. Conclusion As a widely used and effective teaching method of stomatology, PBL is being widely included in the construction system of stomatology curriculum reform. How to solve the imbalance of its application and development in various disciplines, to avoid the formalization of PBL teaching, to combine with other innovative teaching models, and to establish an ideal assessment system for PBL are urgent problems to be solved and also the future research directions.