基于d级单粒子态的能实现大小比较的半量子隐私比较

Semiquantum private comparison of size relationship based on d-level single-particle states

本文提出一个新颖的基于d级单粒子态的能实现大小关系比较的半量子隐私比较(Semiquantum Private Comparison,SQPC)协议.该协议假定存在一个被允许按照他自己的意愿错误行事但不能与其他任何人共谋的半忠诚第三方(Third Party,TP).在TP的帮助下,该协议能比较出两个经典用户秘密信息的大小关系.正确性分析表明,该协议能得到正确的比较结果;安全性分析表明,该协议能抵抗一些著名的外部攻击和参与者攻击.该协议仅采用d级单粒子态作为初始量子资源,只需要TP进行d级单粒子测量,并且能确保TP无法知道准确的比较结果.与目前唯一能实现大小关系比较的SQPC协议[Quantum Inf.Process.20,124(2021)]相比,该协议在初始量子资源的实验制备、TP的实验测量以及TP是否知道比较结果这几个方面具有一定的优势.

In this paper,we propose a novel semiquantum private comparison(SQPC)protocol of the size relationship based on d-level single-particle states.This protocol can compare the size relationship of different privacy messages from two classical users with the help of a semi-honest third party(TP),who is permitted to misbehave on her own,but cannot be in collusion with anyone else.The correctness analysis shows that this protocol can gain correct comparison results.The security analysis results reveal that this protocol can resist some famous outside attacks and participant attacks.This protocol only adopts d-level single-particle states as the initial quantum resource,only requires the TP to perform d-level single-particle measurements,and makes the accurate comparison results inaccessible to the TP.Compared with the only existing SQPC protocol of size relationship(Quantum Inf.Process.20,124(2021)),the proposed protocol has advantages in experimental preparation of initial quantum resource,TP’s experimental measurements,and TP’s knowledge about the comparison results.