何以“盐豆”:明代苏浙与徽州“地讳”的解说

What is the So-called"Salt Beans":An Explanation of the"DiHui(地讳)"in Suzhou,Zhejiang and Huizhou in Ming Dynasty

明清时期,各地人群皆有绰号,时称“地讳”。盐豆则本指炒熟后用盐水浸泡入味的黄豆。最晚在明前期“,盐豆”已成为苏浙人群的地讳。及至明末清初,盐豆亦指称徽州人群,因此成为苏浙与徽州人群共享的群体标签。苏浙的“盐豆”地讳起初源于饮食,再又关乎民风;徽州的“盐豆”地讳则源于饮食与民风“。盐豆”地讳的成立,关键又在苏浙、徽州的移民群体。作为“地讳”的“盐豆”,不仅折射了明代苏浙与徽州人群的社会形象,而且体现了时人的地域偏见、思想观念与价值取向。

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, people tended to use specific nicknames to refer to other regions and their inhabitants, this cultural phenomenon is called "DiHui". Salt beans, originally, refers to fried beans that were soaked in salt water. At the latest in the early Ming, "salt bean" had become the "Di Hui" of Suzhou and Zhejiang people, and in the late Ming and early Qing dynasty, it also referred to Huizhou people, thus becoming a cultural label for people from Suzhou, Zhejiang and Huizhou. The "salt bean" nickname in Suzhou and Zhejiang originated from food and then it’s about folk customs, while the "salt bean" nickname in Huizhou originated from frood as well as folk customs. The nickname of "salt bean" was highly related to the immigrants in Suzhou, Zhejiang and Huizhou, it not only points to the social image of the people in Suzhou, Zhejiang and Huizhou in the Ming dynasty, but also reflects the idea of otherness, regional discrimination and prejudice, as well as value orientation of the people at the time.