2010-2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率及变化趋势分析

Analysis on mortality and mortality trend of cerebrovascular disease in registered residents in Beijing,2010-2019

目的分析2010—2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡特征,并与全球疾病负担2019(GBD 2019)研究结果进行比较,为北京市脑血管病的防控提供参考依据。方法利用2010—2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死因监测数据,测算死亡率和标化死亡率等指标,应用Joinpoint回归模型分析户籍居民脑血管病死亡率及标化死亡率变化趋势。结果2010—2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率范围为107.37/10万~122.46/10万,标化死亡率由2010年的79.18/10万下降至2019年的59.61/10万(平均年度变化百分比=-2.10%,P<0.05),男性脑血管病死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性。2010—2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率随年龄增长而上升,85岁及以上年龄组死亡率最高,85岁以下各年龄组死亡率均呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。脑血管病死亡以缺血性脑卒中和脑出血为主,2019年分别占脑血管病死亡的74.32%和23.67%,急性脑血管病死亡率及标化死亡率均呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病死亡率在全球处于高位(第178位),但标化死亡率在全球处于低位(第61位)。2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病标化死亡率分别低于全球和中国水平,高于可比较国家(日本、韩国和新加坡)水平,但下降速度仅次于新加坡和韩国。结论2010—2019年北京市户籍居民脑血管病标化死亡率、85岁以下各年龄组死亡率以及急性脑血管病死亡率和标化死亡率均呈下降趋势。未来仍需关注男性和高年龄人群脑血管病后遗症的防控。2019年北京市脑血管病标化死亡率高于日本、韩国和新加坡,北京市脑血管病的防控可参考和借鉴高健康水平国家的相关医疗卫生政策。

Objective To analyze the death characteristics of cerebrovascular disease among residents with household registration in Beijing from 2010 to 2019,and compare with the results of the Global Burden of Disease 2019(GBD2019)study,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of cerebrovascular disease in Beijing.Methods Using the monitoring data of cerebrovascular disease causes of cerebrovascular disease in Beijing residents from 2010 to 2019,the mortality rate and standardized mortality rate and other indicators were calculated,and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the change trend of cerebrovascular disease mortality and standardized mortality rate among registered residents.Results From 2010 to 2019,the mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease among residents with household registration in Beijing ranged from 107.37/100,000 to 122.46/100,000,and the standardized mortality rate decreased from 79.18/100,000 in2010 to 59.61/100,000 in 2019(average annual change Percentage=-2.10%,P<0.05),the mortality and standardized mortality of cerebrovascular disease in males were higher than those in females.From 2010 to 2019,the mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease among residents with registered permanent residence in Beijing increased with age,and the mortality rate in the age group of 85 years and above was the highest,and the mortality rate of all age groups under the age of 85 years showed a downward trend(P<0.05).Ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage were the main causes of death from cerebrovascular disease,accounting for 74.32%and 23.67%of cerebrovascular disease deaths in 2019,respectively.Acute cerebrovascular disease mortality and standardized mortality showed a downward trend(P<0.05).In 2019,the mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease among residents with registered permanent residence in Beijing was the highest in the world(178th),but the standardized mortality rate was the lowest in the world(61st).In 2019,the standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease among residents with registered permanent residence in Beijing was lower than the global and Chinese levels,respectively,and higher than the levels of comparable countries(Japan,South Korea,and Singapore),but the rate of decline was second only to that of Singapore and South Korea.Conclusion From 2010 to 2019,the standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease,the mortality rate of each age group under the age of 85,and the mortality and standardized mortality rate of acute cerebrovascular disease of Beijing residents showed a downward trend.In the future,it is still necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of sequelae of cerebrovascular disease in men and elderly people.In 2019,the standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease in Beijing was higher than that in Japan,South Korea and Singapore.The prevention and control of cerebrovascular disease in Beijing can refer to and learn from the relevant medical and health policies of high-health countries.