2016-2020年内蒙古自治区老年人口肺结核患者流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly population in Inner Mongolia,2016-2020

目的分析内蒙古自治区(内蒙古)老年人口肺结核患者流行病学特征,为制定肺结核防治措施提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制中心全民健康保障疾控信息系统中收集内蒙古2016—2020年登记的≥65岁老年肺结核患者信息,包括性别、年龄、职业、患者来源,初、复治等,用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果2016—2020年内蒙古共登记≥65岁肺结核患者15000例,平均年登记率为111.2/10万(15000/1349.1万),明显高于<65岁人群登记率33.0/10万(36934/11178.2万)(χ^(2)=17740.4,P<0.001),老年肺结核患者中,男性9038例,女性5962例,男女性别比为1.5∶1,低于<65岁人群男女性别比(2.2∶1);患者职业分布均以农民为主,占67.8%,其次为家政、家务及待业人员,占13.9%;患者来源均以因症就诊为主,占34.0%,其次为追踪到位患者,占31.1%;患者初、复治分类均以初治为主,占89.2%,复治占10.8%。结论2018—2020年内蒙古老年人肺结核登记率呈下降趋势,且各年度老人肺结核患者登记情况均高于全人群,防治过程中要区别对待,对老年人口这个特殊人群要重点防控。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)in the elderly population registered in Inner Mongolia autonomous region from 2016 to 2020 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of pulmonary TB in the elderly population in Inner Mongolia.Methods The information of pulmonary TB patients in the elderly population registered in Inner Mongolia from 2016 to 2020,including gender,age,occupation,source of patients,initial treatment and retreatment,were collected from“The Infectious Disease Surveillance System”,and the prevalence of pulmonary TB in the elderly was analyzed with software SPSS.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 15000 elderly patients with pulmonary TB were registered in Inner Mongolia,the average annual registration rate was 111.2/100000(15000/13491000),which was significantly higher than the rate of 33.0/100000(36934/111782000)in people under the age of 65 years(χ^(2)=17740.4,P<0.001).Among the elderly patients with pulmonary TB,there were 9038 men and 5962 women.The ratio of male to female was 1.5∶1,which was lower than the ratio of 2.2∶1 in the population under 65 years old.The pulmonary TB patients in the elderly were mainly distributed in farmers,accounting for 67.8%,followed by house workers,the unemployed or jobless,accounting for 13.9%.The pulmonary TB cases in the elderly were mainly detected in medical care seeking due to symptoms,accounting for 34.0%,followed by followed up(31.1%).For initial treatment and retreatment,the initial treatment accounted for 89.2%and the retreatment accounted for 10.8%.Conclusion From 2018 to 2020,the registration rate of pulmonary TB cases in the elderly population in Inner Mongolia showed a downward trend,and the annual registration of elderly patients with pulmonary TB was higher than that in whole population.It is necessary to take targeted t measures in prevention and control of pulmonary TB in elderly population.