“三曹”诗学的理论构成及其精神传承

On the Theoretical Composition and Spiritual Inheritance of Three Caos’Poetics

“三曹”诗学是以“三曹”“七子”等人为代表的建安文学家通过创作实践和理论阐发自主生成的文学和美学思想。它以创作实践彰显为主,以理论阐发为辅,是一种潜在诗学。经过后世理论批评家的总结、归纳和提升,形成了相对完整的内涵,成为一种诗学典范,具有特殊的地位。比兴、感物、文气、风骨、文质都是意蕴丰厚的诗学与美学范畴,它们是“三曹”诗学的主要理论构成,其中文气、风骨、文质是他们独特的诗学创造,比兴、感物是对传统诗学的传承。创造与传承结合在一起,丰富并充实了中国古代诗学精神,“三曹”诗学本身也成为中国古代诗学精神的重要内容。

Three Caos’Poetics is a literary and aesthetic thought independently generated by Jian’an writers represented by Three Caos and Seven Masters(七子)through their creative practice and theory.It is a kind of potential poetics,which focuses on creative practice and supplemented by theoretical elucidation.After the summary,induction and promotion of later theoretical critics,it has formed a relatively complete connotation and has become a poetic model with a special status.Bixing(比兴),Ganwu(感物),Wenqi(文气),Fenggu(风骨)and Wenzhi(文质)are all poetic and aesthetic categories with rich implications.They are the main theoretical components of the Three Caos’poetics,of which Wenqi,Fenggu and Wenzhi are their unique poetic creations,and Bixing and Ganwu are the inheritance of traditional poetics.The combination of creation and inheritance enriches the spirit of ancient Chinese poetics,and the Three Caos’poetics itself has become an important part of the spirit of ancient Chinese poetics.