储罐含油污泥热解工艺参数优化实验

Optimization Experiment on Pyrolysis Process Parameters of Oily Sludge in Storage Tank

为实现储罐含油污泥的无害化和资源化处理,满足国标对残渣污染物的指标要求,以某油田储油罐罐底含油污泥为例,在理化特性分析的基础上,利用真空管式热解炉进行单因素优化实验,并针对热解产物进行分析,得到最佳的热解工艺参数。通过投加催化剂不仅可降低热解终温和热解时间,也可提高油品回收率和油品质量;最佳工艺参数为热解终温460℃,热解时间2 h,温升速率10℃/min,氮气流速100 mL/min,催化剂添加量1%,此时油相回收率为93.5%,污泥含油量由35.05%(质量分数)降低至残渣含油0.56%。研究表明,投加催化剂后的热解残渣具有脱碳、脱氢、固氮的效果,残渣中的热值有所降低,热解油中C6—C20的轻组分含量上升,C21—C54的重组分含量下降;热解残渣污染物指标含量均小于A级污泥产物限值。研究结果可为含油污泥无害化处理提供实际参考。

In order to realize the harmless and resourceful treatment of oily sludge in storage tanks,meet the requirements of the national standard for residue pollutants,taking the oily sludge at the bottom of an oil storage tank as an example,a single factor optimization experiment is carried out by vacuum tube pyrolysis furnace based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties.And the characteristics of pyrolysis products are analyzed,so as to obtain the best pyrolysis process parameters.Adding catalyst can not only reduce the final temperature and pyrolysis time,but also improve the oil recovery and oil quality during the pyrolysis of oily sludge.The optimal pyrolysis parameters are the final pyrolysis temperature of 460 ℃,pyrolysis time of 2 h,temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min,nitrogen flow rate of 100 mL/min,and catalyst addition amount of 1%.At that time,the oil phase recovery is 93.5%,sludge oil content was reduced from 35.05%(mass fraction) to residue oil content 0.56%.The results show that after adding catalyst,the pyrolysis residue has the effect of decarbonization,dehydrogenation,and nitrogen fixation,and the calorific value of the residue is lowered,the content of C6-C20light component in the pyrolysis oil increases,and the content of C21-C54heavy component decreases.The contents of pyrolysis residual pollutants are all lower than the product limit of grade A sludge.The research results can provide practical reference for the harmless treatment of oily sludge.