基于文献计量的“十三五”国家重点研发计划“畜禽专项”研究进展与热点趋势分析

Research Progress and Trend Analysis Based on Bibliometric of The National Key Research and Development Program“Animal Project”during the 13th Five-Year Period

“十三五”国家重点研发计划设立“畜禽重大疫病防控与高效安全养殖综合技术研发”重点专项(以下简称“畜禽专项”),在动物疫病防控、高效安全养殖、养殖环境处理等方面进行布局,对畜牧兽医领域科技创新研究进行了支持,按照基础研究、重点关键技术研发、集成示范进行“全链条设计、一体化实施”设计,破解我国畜禽养殖业的重要基础理论和技术瓶颈问题。本文基于文献计量的方法,对“畜禽专项”实施期间发表的论文进行统计分析,以掌握专项在基础研究与前沿理论方面的研究进展,分析研究热点,并结合“十四五”畜牧兽医相关专项的布局,讨论畜牧兽医领域未来的重点研究方向和发展趋势。研究结果表明,“畜禽专项”资助论文在新冠病毒(COVID-19)、寨卡病毒(Zika Virus)和非洲猪瘟(African Swine Fever)等重大动物疫病和人兽共患病基础研究领域获得突破性研究成果;涉农高校和科研院所合作紧密,做出了较大贡献;国际合作除了美国等发达国家,与“一带一路”相关的巴基斯坦、埃及等发展中国家合作紧密,与发达国家科研团队合作发表高质量论文的几率明显增加;研究热点主要集中在流行病学、病原复制与进化、耐药性、病原与宿主互作机制、免疫与致病机制、跨种传播等方面的研究。“畜禽专项”聚焦畜禽重大疫病防控与高效安全养殖研究方向,在重大基础理论方面获得重要研究进展,支撑了关键核心技术研究和应用示范推广。“十四五”国家重点研发计划畜牧兽医领域专项将在畜禽种业自主创新、动物疫病综合防控与净化根除、营养调控与高效养殖、废弃物资源化利用与绿色养殖、养殖装备与智能养殖等方向进行全面布局。

The 13th Five-Year National Key Research and Development Program has established a key project of“Prevention and Control of Major Animal Diseases,Efficient and Safe Husbandry Technology Research and Development”(Animal Project),which supported scientific and technological innovation research in the field of animal epidemic prevention and control,efficient and safe breeding and breeding environment treatment.This project carried out the design of“whole chain design and integrated implementation”according to basic research,key technology research and development and integrated demonstration to solve the important basic theory and technical bottleneck of animal breeding in China.Based on the method of bibliometric,a statistical analysis was conducted of the papers supported mainly by the project to master the research progress and hot spots of the special project in basic research and frontier theory.Moreover,the future key research direction and development trend in the field of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine was discussed in combination with the layout of animal husbandry and veterinary related projects in the 14th Five-Year Plan.The results showed that this special funded papers had achieved breakthrough research in the basic research fields of major animal diseases and zoonotic diseases such as the COVID-19,Zika virus and African Swine Fever Achievements:Agriculture-related universities and scientific research institutes cooperate closely and have made great contributions;International cooperation is not only with the United States and other developed countries,but also closely cooperated with developing countries such as Pakistan and Egypt related to the“Belt and Road”initiative.The probability of publishing high-quality papers which cooperated with scientific research teams in developed countries has increased significantly;Research hotspots mainly focus on epidemiology,pathogen replication and evolution,drug resistance,pathogen and host interaction and network regulation,immune and pathogenic mechanisms,cross-species transmission,etc.The livestock and poultry special project focuses on the research direction of the prevention and control of major livestock and poultry diseases and efficient and safe breeding,and has made important research progress in major basic theories,supporting the research and application demonstration of key core technologies.The 14th Five-Year National Key Research and Development Program will make a comprehensive layout in the field of animal seed industry innovation,prevention and control of animal diseases,purification and eradication,nutrition regulation and efficient breeding,waste resource utilization and green breeding,breeding equipment and intelligent breeding.