类型定位下职教高考制度的“破”与“立”

The"Breaking"and"Establishing"of College Entrance Examination System of Vocational Education under Type Orientation

加快发展现代职业教育是教育改革的关键举措,是培养高素质技术技能人才的重要途径。职业教育作为独立的教育类型发展时间较短,职教高考存在制度体系不完善、招考模式不灵活、招录渠道不通畅等问题,严重影响职业教育的吸引力与适应性。从类型定位视角切入,理清楚谁来考、考什么、怎么考、怎么录等关键问题,建议建立具有权威性的国家统筹职教高考制度、具有职业性的文化素质+职业技能招考模式、具有选拔性的分类别分批次录取模式,为加快教育现代化和建设教育强国提供理论参考。

Accelerating the development of modern vocational education is the key measure of educational reform and an important way to cultivate high-quality technical talents.As an independent type of education,vocational education has developed for only a short time,in the entrance examination of which there are such problems as imperfect system,inflexible recruitment mode,blocked recruitment channels and so on,which seriously affect the attraction and adaptability of vocational education.From the perspective of type positioning,it should be cleared up who will take the test,what to test,how to take the test,and how to enroll,in order to establish a national college entrance examination system for overall planning vocational education with authoritative attributes,a recruitment mode of cultural quality+vocational skills with vocational attributes,and a classification and batch admission mode with selection attributes so as to provide theoretical reference for accelerating the modernization of education and building a powerful country in education.