耕地“非粮化”的影响因素和出路研究——以开远市现代农业产业园为例

Research on the Influencing Factors and Ways Out of the"Non-grain"of Cultivated Land:Take the Kaiyuan Modern Agricultural Industrial Park as an Example

粮食是人们赖以生存的基础,保障国家粮食安全是“三农”工作的首要任务。耕地作为土地资源的精华部分是确保国家粮食安全的重要基础资源。国家现代农业产业园是加快农业农村现代化的重要举措,对促进乡村振兴能够发挥重要作用。但现代农业的推进不可避免地造成耕地“非粮化”现象的日趋严重。为此,采用实地调研、问卷调查、访谈及模型分析的方法,深入、仔细了解开远市现代农业产业园发展过程中周边地区耕地“非粮化”的实际情况,发现造成研究区域内耕地“非粮化”的原因及显著因素。并据此,从明晰政策导向,理顺防止机制、流程;识别耕地“非粮化”类型,区别控制非粮化;合理利用耕地,规范耕地用途管制;精准激励,更新成本收益思路;培育农业规模经营主体,促进粮食产业化发展5个方面提出防止耕地“非粮化”的建议。

Grain is the foundation on which people depend for their survival,and ensuring national food security is the most important task in the work of"three rural areas."Arable land,as the essence of land resources,is an important basic resource to ensure national food security.The National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park is an important measure to accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization.However,the promotion of modern agriculture will inevitably lead to the increasingly serious phenomenon of"non-grain"arable land.To this end,this paper uses the methods of field research,questionnaire survey,interview and model analysis to deeply and carefully understand the actual situation of"non-grain"of cultivated land in the surrounding areas during the development of the modern agricultural industrial park in Kaiyuan City,and finds the reasons and significant factors that cause the"non-grain"cultivated land in the study area.According to this,from the clear policy orientation,rationalization of prevention mechanisms and processes;identification of cultivated land"non-grain"types,distinguish control of non-grain;rational use of cultivated land,standardize the control of cultivated land use;precise incentives,update the cost and income ideas;cultivate agricultural scale business entities,promote the development of grain industrialization five aspects of putting forward suggestions to prevent the"non-grain"of cultivated land.