结直肠癌免疫微环境及免疫治疗策略的研究进展

Advances in immune microenvironment and immunotherapy strategy for colorectal cancer

以免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)为代表的免疫疗法开启了肿瘤治疗的新纪元。越来越多的证据表明,免疫微环境在结直肠癌发生发展以及免疫治疗中发挥重要作用。T细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞等免疫细胞共同构成了复杂的结直肠癌免疫微环境并参与肿瘤的发生发展,了解结直肠癌免疫微环境中不同类型免疫细胞的浸润水平及其功能对于评估结直肠癌患者免疫治疗的预后、挖掘潜在治疗靶点具有重要意义。本文回顾了不同类型的免疫细胞在结直肠癌中的作用,并总结了目前结直肠癌免疫治疗的研究进展,以期为更好地优化结直肠癌免疫治疗提供科学依据。

Immunotherapy,represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors,has opened a new era of tumor treatment.Increasing evidence have shown that the immune microenvironment plays an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.T cells,B cells,macrophages,and other immune cells together constitute a complex immune microenvironment and participate in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.Understanding the degree of infiltration and function of different types of immune cells in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer is of great significance for evaluating the prognosis and mining potential therapeutic targets.This article reviewed the role of different types of immune cells in colorectal cancer and summarized the current progress of colorectal cancer immunotherapy to provide a scientific basis for optimizing immunotherapy for colorectal cancer.