活性炭的制备及其对重金属离子吸附研究

Preparation of Activated Carbon and Its Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions

“双碳”目标的时代背景下,减少碳排放以及废弃物高效利用已经成为共识.该研究首先以豆渣为原料,碳酸钾为改性剂,高温煅烧炭化,制备生物活性炭材料,探索不同条件下制得的活性炭材料对铅离子的吸附性能;随后探讨了金属离子初始化浓度、活性炭投放量、吸附时间、材料筛网孔径和盐酸处理浓度等对吸附性能的影响,最后得出结果表明:活性炭材料筛网孔径为0.106 mm,盐酸处理浓度为8%时,活性炭的最优使用量为0.05 g,吸附平衡时间为30 min是最佳吸附,此时吸附效率为96.3%,吸附容量为996.98mg/g.研究为生物质活性炭处理含铅离子废水的实际应用和研究提供了一定的技术参考和依据,对含铅离子废水的无害化处理和排放有一定的借鉴意义.

In the context of the "double carbon" target,it has become a consensus to reduce carbon emission and to utilize waste efficiently.The bioactive carbon materials were prepared by high-temperature calcination and carbonization of soybean residue as raw material and potassium carbonate as modifier.The adsorption performance of the produced activated carbon materials for lead ions under different conditions was explored,and the effects of the initialized concentration of metal ions,the amount of activated carbon input,the adsorption time,the mesh of the material screen and the concentration of hydrochloric acid treatment on the adsorption performance were investigated.The results showed that the optimum adsorption was achieved at 0.106 mm mesh of activated carbon material,8% hydrochloric acid treatment concentration,0.05 g of activated carbon,30 min of adsorption equilibrium time,and 96.3% of adsorption efficiency and 996.98 mg/g of adsorption capacity.This study provides some technical reference and basis for the practical application and research of biomass activated carbon for the treatment of lead ion-containing wastewater.The study has some significance for the harmless treatment and discharge of wastewater containing lead ions.