小胶质细胞表型转换在脑缺血再灌注中作用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Role of Microglia Phenotypic Transformation in Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion

小胶质细胞是神经系统免疫的重要组成部分,脑缺血再灌注(CIR)是缺血性卒中损伤加重的重要机制之一,小胶质细胞与CIR中炎症反应关系密切。受不同因子途径影响,小胶质细胞被活化并表型转换为M1、M2不同亚型,调节小分子核糖核酸miRNA–139、miRNA–137、长链非编码核糖核酸(lncRNA)–U90926基因片段等基因的表达,抑制或激活NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)/半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1(caspase–1)、Notch等通路,从而产生促炎、抗炎作用,在CIR中呈现构筑炎症反应并参与炎症修复双向调节作用。

Microglia are an important part of nervous system immunity.Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) is one of the important mechanisms of aggravation of ischemic stroke injury.Microglia are closely related to inflammatory response in CIR.Under the influence of different factor pathways,microglia are activated and phenotypically converted into different subtypes of M1 and M2,which regulate micro ribonucleic acid.The expression of micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA)-139,miRNA-137,long non-codingribonucleic acid (lncRNA)-U90926 gene fragment and other genes inhibits or activates NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/cysteine aspartate proteolytic enzyme 1 (caspase-1) and Notch pathways.Thus,it can produce proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects,and constitute inflammatory response and participate in the bidirectional regulation of inflammatory repair in CIR.