内蒙古煤矿矿山环境恢复治理遥感监测

Remote Sensing Monitoring of Mine Environment Restoration and Management in Inner Mongolia

内蒙古自治区煤矿资源储量丰富,开采历史悠久,但因长期的煤炭资源开发产生了草原森林损毁、矿山地质灾害等一系列生态环境问题,为打造我国北方重要的生态安全屏障,亟需加强矿山环境的恢复治理工作。遥感监测可快速、准确、客观地获取矿山环境恢复治理信息。以遥感技术为手段,利用2018年和2019年的卫星数据对内蒙古自治区2018—2019年煤矿矿山环境恢复治理状况进行了调查。结果表明,2018—2019年内蒙古煤矿恢复治理面积为5914.13 hm^(2),主要分布在鄂尔多斯市;恢复治理的主要地物类型为排土场和露天采场,矿山开采方式以露天开采为主,恢复治理后的土地类型以草地和林地为主。

Inner Mongolia is rich in coal resources and has a long history of mining.However,the long-term development of coal resources has produced a series of ecological and environmental problems,such as grassland and forest damage,mine geological disasters,etc.In order to build an important ecological security barrier in northern China,it is urgent to strengthen the restoration and management of mine environment.Remote sensing monitoring can quickly,accurately and objectively obtain information about mine environmental restoration and management.Based on remote sensing technology and satellite images in 2018 and 2019,we investigated environmental restoration and management of coal mines in Inner Mongolia from 2018 to 2019.The results show that the new restoration and management of Inner Mongolia coal mine is 5914.13 ha from 2018 to 2019,mainly distributed in Erdos City.The main types of surface features are dump and stope,the mining method is mainly open-pit mining,and the main land types after restoration are grassland and woodland.