离子淌度迁移谱用于分析小分子异构体的新进展

New Development in Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Analysis of Small Molecule Isomers

随着现代检测技术以及科学研究的快速发展,同分异构体化学结构及其功能不断被揭示,异构体的不同结构分子可能具有完全不同的生物化学活性,并且同分异构体的某种结构分子可能对疾病的发病机理或治疗具有重要作用,而另一种结构分子的作用相反。因此,对同分异构体的分离识别及其结构探究有助于进一步理解生命运行机制,是目前分析化学乃至生命科学领域的研究热点。近年来快速发展的离子迁移谱(ion mobility spectrometry,IMS)是一种可以分析分子空间结构的技术,通过测量气相中不同分子离子与气流的碰撞截面积差异来区分某种分子的同分异构体。IMS与质谱联用(IMS-MS)是在质谱技术上增加一个淌度分离维度改善离子结构分离测定,同时在淌度技术上增强离子选质的特殊功能,使离子的分离具有高度选择性。IMS-MS技术已广泛应用于小分子/代谢物鉴定、蛋白质组学研究、主客体复合物、分子结构鉴定等领域。本文重点介绍了不同类型IMS的工作原理,IMS-MS在不同类型异构体分析方面的最新应用,并展望其应用前景。

With the rapid development of modern detection technology and scientific research,the chemical structures and functions of isomers are constantly being revealed.The isomer molecules may have completely different biochemical activities,and a certain molecule of the isomer may play an important role in disease pathogenesis or disease treatment,while the other is the opposite.Therefore,the separation and identification of isomers and the exploration of their structures are helpful to furtherly understand the operating mechanism of life,and become one of the research hotspots in the field of analytical chemistry and life sciences.Ion mobility spectrometry(IMS),which has developed rapidly in recent years,is an instrument technology that can analyze the spatial structure of molecules.It can distinguish the isomerism of a certain molecule by measuring the difference in the collision cross-section between different molecular ions and airflow in the gas phase.IMS coupled with mass spectrometry(IMS-MS)is a powerful separation and analysis technology that adds a mobility separation dimension for MS to improve ion structure separation and determination,while also enhances ion mass selection in mobility technology and makes the separation of the analyte have high selectivity.IMS-MS technology has been highly concerned and widely used in the fields of small molecule/metabolite identification,proteomics research,host-guest complexes,and molecular structure identification.This paper was focused on the working principle of different types of IMS,the latest application in different types of isomers and the prospect of IMS-MS.