芜湖市湾沚区空气质量变化特征及其与气象条件的关系

Air Quality Change Characteristics and Its Relationship with Meteorological Conditions in Wanzhi District of Wuhu City

根据芜湖市湾沚区的空气质量监测数据和国家站的气象观测数据,研究了2016—2020年湾沚的空气质量特征,分析了气象要素和空气质量的关系。结果表明:湾沚空气质量中度及重度污染的天气占全年的4%;近5年湾沚空气质量呈波动上升态势,其中颗粒污染物逐年下降,而气态污染物呈上升趋势;湾沚春季污染天气频发,冬季容易发生重污染天气,秋季的空气质量最佳;湾沚空气质量变化与风速、降水、相对湿度和气温都呈现负相关性。综合考虑降水与相对湿度对空气质量的共同影响,当相对湿度为80%~89%、降水量5 mm时最容易出现污染天气。因此可以为公众生活出行提供参考,也进一步拓宽了基层气象的服务面。

Based on the air quality monitoring data of Wanzhi District in Wuhu City and the meteorological observation data of national station, the air quality characteristics of Wanzhi district from 2016to 2020 are studied, and the relationship between meteorological elements and air quality is analyzed. The results showed that the moderate and severe air pollution accounted for 4% of the whole year. In the past five years, the air quality in the Bay has fluctuated and increased, in which particle contaminants have decreased year by year,while gaseous pollutant have increased. The polluted weather occurs frequently in spring,and it is easy to produce heavily polluted weather in winter. The air quality in autumn is the best. The change of air quality in Wanzhi is negatively correlated with wind speed, precipitation, relative humidity and temperature. Considering the joint influence of precipitation and relative humidity on air quality, when the relative humidity is between 80% and 89%, and the precipitation is less than 5mm, the most likely to occur is polluted weather. It provides reference for public life and travel, and further broadens the service scope of grass-roots meteorology.