采后1-甲基环丙烯与自发气调处理对冰温贮藏火柿软化及相关生理变化的影响

Effects of 1-Methylcyclopropene and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Softening and Related Physiological Changes in‘Huo’Persimmon during Postharvest Controlled Freezing Point Storage

为解决柿果实采后快速软化的问题,以火柿为试材,探究1.0μL/L 1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)、气调贮藏(modified atmosphere packaging,MA)及二者协同处理(1-MCP+MA)对有、无萼片火柿采后冰温(-0.5±0.3)℃贮藏期间软化及相关生理指标的影响。结果表明,各处理方式均能在一定程度上延缓火柿软化。保留萼片联合MA处理维持贮藏环境内高CO_(2)、低O_(2)体积分数效果最好,并能有效抑制β-半乳糖苷酶活力。去除萼片联合1-MCP处理在延缓果肉硬度下降、抑制纤维素酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶活力、降低呼吸强度和乙烯生成速率、减少总黄酮损失方面效果最佳;1-MCP+MA协同处理可明显延缓果皮硬度下降,减少VC、总酚损失。此外,去萼片处理有效延缓了火柿二次乙烯释放高峰。综合分析不同方式贮藏的火柿品质,去除萼片联合1-MCP处理能显著延缓火柿软化进程,对冰温贮藏火柿有较好的保鲜效果。本研究可为柿果保鲜新技术开发提供理论参考。

To address the problem of rapid postharvest softening of persimmon fruit,the effects of treatment with 1.0μL/L 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP),modified atmosphere packaging(MA)and their combination on the softening and related physiological indicators of‘Huo’persimmon fruit with and without calyx lobes were investigated during postharvest controlled freezing point((-0.5±0.3)℃)storage.It turned out that both individual and combined treatments delayed persimmon softening.Calyx lobe retention combined with MA provided the best maintenance of high CO_(2)and low O_(2)concentration in the storage environment and effectively inhibitedβ-galactosidase(β-Gal)activity.Calyx lobe removal combined with 1-MCP treatment was the most effective in delaying the decrease in fruit hardness,inhibiting the activity of cellulase(CX)and polygalacturonase(PG),reducing respiration intensity and ethylene production rate,and decreasing the loss of total flavonoids.1-MCP+MA slowed down the decrease in skin hardness and reduced the loss of VC and total phenols.Furthermore,removing the calyx lobes delayed the emergence of a second ethylene peak.Overall,1-MCP treatment of persimmon fruit without calyx lobes can delay persimmon softening and preserve persimmon quality well during CF storage.