粤剧西征、史戏同构与大河叙事——论历史小说《西江英雄传》的文体特质

Cantonese opera’s western expedition,isomorphism of historical opera and river narrative——on the stylistic characteristics of the historical novel Xijiang Heroes

长篇小说《西江英雄传》以岭南历史文化名人李文茂为传主,纵向开启了咸丰年间岭南的历史时间探溯;又以社会学的方式,围绕李文茂“戏子称王”的历史事件,从空间的角度沿西江全景式地展开了岭南历史文化画卷,两个维度使该作品具备史诗特质。从文体特质来看,小说继承了“史传”文学传统,以小说的方式叙述历史、以“戏”的方式隐喻历史、以社会学的方式还原历史。作者从岭南文化的网状集结与西迁、历史小说的虚实比率把控、“大河式”文学地理学叙事艺术三个方面呈现了传记小说的文体价值与实践路径。

The novel Biography of Xijiang Heroes is narrated by Li Wenmao,a famous person in Lingnan history and culture,which explores the history and time of Lingnan in Xianfeng’s reign.In the way of sociology,it also focuses on the historical event of Li Wenmao’s“opera son is king”and unfolds the historical and cultural picture of Lingnan from the perspective of space along the Xijiang River.Two dimensions make this work have epic temperament.In terms of stylistic characteristics,the novel inherits the literary tradition of“historical biography”,narrating history in the way of fiction,metaphorizing history in the way of“drama”and restoring history in the way of sociology.It presents the stylistic value and practical path of biographical novels from three aspects:the network gathering and westward migration of Lingnan culture,the control of the ratio of false and reality in historical novels,and the narration art of“river style”literary geography.