我国兴奋剂纠纷解决机制建设研究——基于新修订《体育法》的思考

A Study of China’s Doping Dispute Resolution Mechanism——Based on the Amended Law on Physical Culture and Sports

新修订《体育法》的颁布为我国反兴奋剂纠纷解决机制的完善提供了重要的法律基础。运用文献资料法、比较法、逻辑分析法等方法,阐述了我国兴奋剂纠纷解决机制的发展历程和存在的问题,对新修订《体育法》为兴奋剂纠纷解决机制提供的法律基础,以及反兴奋剂的国际法基础进行了分析;探讨了新修订《体育法》颁布背景下我国兴奋剂纠纷解决机制建设的核心任务。研究认为:我国兴奋剂纠纷解决机制建设的基本目标是建立以运动员权利保护为中心的公平、公正、高效的兴奋剂纠纷解决机制。为此,应协调好中国反兴奋剂中心听证制度与体育仲裁制度;考虑好是否在中国体育仲裁机构中建立专门的反兴奋剂部门或专门的反兴奋剂纠纷解决程序;配备专业的兴奋剂纠纷仲裁员队伍;在兴奋剂纠纷仲裁中,保障相关当事方的权利;加强法院的司法监督。此外,为解决兴奋剂纠纷解决的高昂救济成本,我国体育仲裁机构还应建立兴奋剂纠纷仲裁法律援助制度。

The newly amended Law on Physical Culture and Sports provides an important legal basis for improving China’s anti-doping dispute resolution mechanism. This paper uses the methods of literature,comparative and logical analysis to summarize the development history and existing problems of the doping dispute resolution mechanism in China,and analyzes the basis of the international law and national law for the doping dispute resolution mechanism. The article discusses the core tasks of establishing a doping dispute resolution mechanism in China. The study concludes that the basic goal of developing China’s doping dispute resolution mechanism is to establish a fair,just and efficient doping dispute resolution mechanism centered on protecting athletes’ rights. China should coordinate the hearing system with the sports arbitration system,and should consider whether to establish a specialized anti-doping department or to follow specific anti-doping dispute resolution procedures within the Chinese sports arbitration body. A team of professional doping dispute arbitrators is also needed. In the arbitration of doping disputes,the right of the relevant parties to hearing should be protected. Due to the special nature of doping dispute arbitration,judicial supervision by the national courts is very important. To solve the high relief costs of doping dispute resolution,China should establish a legal aid system for doping dispute resolution.