事件框架下英德动词的异同分析

An Analysis of the Similarities and Differences Between English and German Verbs in the Context of Events

事件框架是对于主体运动及其空间位移的描述。在进行主体运动描述时,不同语言动词所呈现的事件框架不尽相同。该文旨在探讨事件框架下英德动词所携带的语义信息。研究发现,英语和德语虽均为卫星框架语言(satellite-framed language),但英语动词往往只体现事件框架下的“运动”和“方式”,而“路径”则需要通过介词体现;德语动词则在此基础上,可另在动词前添加可分前缀,使其根据实际需要实现一层或两层“路径”语义。因此,相对于英语动词而言,德语动词事件框架的词汇化程度较高。

Event frame is used for the description of subject motion and its spatial displacement.When describing the subject motion,the event frames presented by verbs may differ from one language to another.This paper aims to explore the semantic information carried by verbs of English and German under the event frame.It has already been found that although English and German are both satellite framed languages.English verbs often only embody "motion" and "manner" of the event frame.To further show the "path" of the event frame,extra prepositions are required.On this basis,German verbs can have separable prefixes in front of the body of the verb to realize one or two messages of "path" semantically according to actual needs.Therefore,compared with English verbs,German verbs enjoy a higher extent of lexicalization when it comes to event frame.