数字经济推动全国统一大市场建设的理论逻辑、政策过程及主要路径

The Theoretical Logic,Policy and Path of How Digital Economy Promoting the Construction of a National Unified Market

2022年,在中共中央、国务院明确提出加快建设全国统一大市场的背景下,如何更加完善地建设全国统一大市场成为学术界关注的重点。同时,“十四五”规划也明确提出加快数字经济的发展,数字经济的发展从宏观、中观、微观均改变了市场构成、结构和效率,在影响全国统一大市场的建设方面优势与差距兼具。首先,逐层逐级地从数据要素、市场主体、产业结构、政府治理方式四个方面对全国统一大市场建设的作用机理进行分析,从理论的角度厘清了数字经济推动全国统一大市场建设的逻辑关系。其次,通过梳理现有的推进全国统一大市场建设的数字经济政策,将数字经济的相关政策演化分为规范性市场建设、有效性市场建设和高标准市场建设三个阶段,为数字经济推动全国统一大市场建设提供现实依据。进一步,分析数字经济给全国统一大市场带来的新的治理问题。研究表明,数字经济在数据要素市场、平台企业发展、实体经济赋能、区域发展分化和政府数字治理五个方面给全国统一大市场的建设带来了新的挑战。最后,基于上述的理论基础、现实依据和问题分析,从市场公平竞争、产业融合创新、治理高效规范三个层面,针对数字经济相关政策的制定以及全国统一大市场的高标准建设提出了政策建议。

In 2022,in the context of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council clearly proposing to speed up the construction of a national unified market,how to build a more perfect national unified market has drawn the academic attention.At the same time,with the“14th Five-year Plan”also clearly proposing to speed up the development of digital economy,the development of digital economy has changed the market composition,structure and efficiency from the macro,medium and micro perspectives,bringing construction of a unified national market both advantages and gaps.First of all,this paper clarifies the logical relationship of how the digital economy promotes the construction of the national unified big market from the theoretical perspective,and also from the aspects of data elements,market subjects,industrial structure and government governance level by level.Secondly,through sorting out the existing policies of how digital economy promotes the construction of national unified market,this paper divides the relevant policy evolution of digital economy into three stages:normative market construction,efficient market construction and high-standard market construction,providing realistic basis for digital economy promoting the construction of national unified market.Further,the research finds that digital economy has brought new challenges to the construction of national unified market in five aspects:data factor market,platform enterprise development,real economy empowerment,regional development differentiation and digital governance.Finally,based on the theoretical basis,practical basis and problem analysis above,this paper provides inspiration for the formulation of policies related to the digital economy and the construction of national unified market with higher standards from the aspects of fair market competition,industrial integration and innovation,as well as efficient and standardized governance.