三代全长高通量测序分析新稻草和陈稻草的微生物特征

Microbiota characteristics of new straw and used straw based on third-generation full-length high-throughput sequencing

通过传统培养法和三代全长高通量测序技术分析高温大曲培菌发酵过程中使用的新、陈稻草的微生物组成和代谢通路的差异。结果表明,陈稻草样品中菌落总数、耐热菌和真菌数量显著高于新稻草(P<0.05)。两种稻草的群落结构存在差异,主要体现在细菌群落,新稻草中主要优势细菌属为泛菌属(Pantoea)和伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia),而陈稻草为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和糖多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora)。四折叠球菌属(Quadrisphaera)、微杆菌属(Microbacterium)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、孢堆黑粉菌属(Sporisorium)等是新稻草中的标志菌属,而糖多孢菌属(Saccharopolyspora)、变形闭囊鞘属(Chromocleista)和节担菌属(Wallemia)等是陈稻草中的标志菌属。新稻草中的细菌在L-色氨酸生物合成、L-精氨酸/腐胺/4-氨基丁酸降解和甲基乙二醛降解所占功能丰度更高,而陈稻草中的真菌在辛烷氧化、L-色氨酸降解和硝酸盐还原途径中的功能丰度更高。

The differences in compositions and metabolism of microbiota in the new straw and used straw applied in high-temperature Daqu incubation were analyzed by traditional culture method and third-generation full-length high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that the total bacterial count,thermotolerant bacteria and fungi count in the used straw samples were significantly higher than that in the new straw samples(P<0.05).There were obvious differences in the microbiota of the two types of straws,mainly reflected in the bacterial community.The main dominant bacterial genera in the new straw were Pantoea and Burkholderia,while in the used straw were Bacillus and Saccharopolyspora.Quadrisphaera,Microbacterium,Aspergillus,Sporisorium,etc.were biomarker genera in the new straw,while Saccharopolyspora,Chromocleista,Wallemia,etc.were considered as the biomarker genera in the used straw.The bacteria in the new straw had higher relative abundance in related metabolic pathways including L-tryptophan biosynthesis,L-arginine/putrescine/4-aminobutanoate degradation,and methylglyoxal degradation,while the fungi in the used straw had higher relative abundance in octane oxidation,L-tryptophan degradation,and sulfate reduction pathways.