Tim-3/Gal-9在过敏性疾病中的研究进展

Research Progress of Tim-3/Gal-9 in Allergic Diseases

过敏性疾病从新生儿到老年人的各个年龄阶段都可能发生,往往具有明显的遗传倾向。过敏性疾病中,以速发型过敏反应比较常见,其主要类型有皮肤过敏反应、呼吸道过敏反应、消化道过敏反应及过敏性休克等,常见疾病有如下几种:皮肤过敏、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘以及过敏性休克。过敏性疾病在各个年龄段均可发病。近年来,中国过敏性疾病的发病率呈持续上升趋势,其病程慢性反复,且治愈率低,严重影响了患者的身心健康。T细胞免疫球蛋白和黏蛋白结构域基因家族(T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain,Tim)可有效调控T细胞的增殖和分化。近年来研究发现,抗Tim-3抗体可显著缓解过敏性疾病的发生和进展,具体机制与扭转Th2型免疫反应转向Th1型免疫反应有关,进而大大减少了随后浆细胞活化免疫球蛋白的产生。此外,在过敏性疾病患者和相关动物模型中均发现,Tim-3基因的多态性和部分过敏性疾病显著有关。本文将着重探讨Tim-3/Gal-9在过敏性疾病中的最新研究进展,以期给相关临床和科研工作者提供参考。

Allergic diseases can occur at all ages from newborns to the elderly and often have a distinct genetic predisposition.Among allergic diseases,immediate hypersensitivity is relatively common,the main types of which include skin allergic reaction,respiratory allergic reaction,digestive allergic reaction and anaphylactic shock.The common diseases are as follows:atopic dermatitis,allergic rhinitis,allergic asthma and anaphylactic shock.Allergic diseases can occur at all ages.In recent years,the incidence of allergic diseases in China has been on the rise.Its chronic and repeated course of disease and low cure rate have seriously affected the physical and mental health of patients.T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain(TIM)genes can effectively regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells.In recent years,studies have found that anti-Tim-3 antibody can significantly alleviate the occurrence and progression of allergic diseases,and the specific mechanism is related to the reversal of Th2-type response to Th1-type response,greatly reducing the subsequent production of plasma cell activated immunoglobulin.In addition,the polymorphism of Tim-3 gene has been found to be significantly associated with some allergic diseases in both patients with allergic disease and related animal models.This paper will focus on the latest research progress of Tim-3/Gal-9 in allergic diseases,in order to provide reference for relevant clinical and scientific researchers.