医养结合背景下基于共情理论的《老年护理学》混合式教学改革

Mixed Teaching Reformand Practice of Geriatric Nursing Based on Empathy Theory under the Background of Combining Medical and Nursing Care

目的探讨基于共情理论的教学设计在《老年护理学》混合式教学中的应用效果,为医养结合护理人才培养提供思路。方法采取整群抽样的方法,分别以2016级350名,2017级346名护理专业本科生作为对照组和实验组。对照组理论教学采用课堂讲授,实践教学采用教师示范教学、学生模仿练习的传统教学模式;实验组采用共情理论指导下的教学设计,即创设共情场景实现共情感知、设置学习任务充分表达共情、提升沟通能力促进患者感知共情。课程结束后采用理论考试、杰弗逊共情量表、老年人态度量表、照顾老年人意愿调查进行效果评价。结果护生共情能力与老年人态度呈正相关(r=0.304,P=0.000),实验组护生共情能力、老年人态度得分、课程成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=-6.466,-10.375,-5.197,P<0.05),护生有照顾老年人意愿的比例实验组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.798,P=0.009)。结论共情理论指导下的混合式教学设计可促进护生形成对老年人的正向态度,提高其照顾老年人的意愿,提升护生的学习兴趣和综合素质,更好满足医养结合背景下对护理人才的需求。

Objective To explore the application effect of teaching design based on empathy theory in hybrid teaching of Geriatric Nursing and provide ideas for the training of combining medical and nursing talents.Methods A number of 350 undergraduates of 2016 nursing major were taken as control group and 346 undergraduates of 2017 nursing major as experimental group.The theoretical teaching of the control group was mainly classroom teaching,the practical teaching was the traditional teaching mode of teacher demonstration teaching and student imitation practice.The experimental group adopted the teaching design based on the enhancement of empathy ability,that is,creating empathy scene to realize empathy perception,setting up learning tasks to fully express empathy,and improving communication ability to promote patients’perceived empathy.After the end of the course,we used the theory test,Jefferson’s empathy scale,and attitudes of the elderly Form,care for the elderly will survey to evaluate the effect.Results There was a positive correlation between nursing students’empathy ability and attitude of the elderly(r=0.304,P=0.000).The scores of nursing students’empathy ability,attitude score and in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(t=-6.466,-10.375,-5.197,P<0.05).The proportion of nursing students willing to take care of the elderly was higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=6.798,P=0.009).Conclusion Hybrid teaching design under the guidance of empathy theory can promote nursing students to form a positive attitude towards the elderly,improve their willingness to take care of the elderly,and enhance their interest in learning and comprehensive quality,better meet the needs of nursing talents under the background of medical and nurse combination.