高纬度寒冷地区水稻育种现状及展望

Status and Prospect of Rice Breeding in High Latitude Cold Region

随着国民经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高,对粳米的需求在稳步增长。黑龙江是我国粳稻主产区,对于保障我国粳稻市场稳定和全国人民的口粮安全具有重要作用。黑龙江以四、五积温带为代表的高纬度寒冷地区粳稻种植面积在70万hm^(2)左右,这一地区生态条件特殊,气候寒冷,无霜期短,对水稻育种有特殊需求。文章小结了高纬度寒冷地区水稻育种的发展历程和现状,并提出了今后发展的方向。

With the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of people's living standards,the demand for japonica rice is growing steadily.Heilongjiang is the main production area of japonica rice in China,which plays an important role in ensuring the stability of the japonica rice market and the food ration security of the people across the country.The planting area of japonica rice in the high latitude cold region represented by the four and five accumulated temperature zones in Heilongjiang province is about 700,000 hectares.This area has special ecological conditions,cold climate and short frost-free period,which have special needs for rice breeding.The article summarized the development history and current situation of rice breeding in high-latitude cold regions,and put forward the direction of future development.