风幕和排烟共同作用对船舱区烟气控制的影响

Analysis of the influence of air curtain and mechanical ventilation on smoke control in the cabin area

通过FDS数值模拟建立全尺寸船舱模型,分析风幕不同设置位置和风速对隔热效果和挡烟效果的影响。结果表明:热释放速率(HRR)受风幕设置位置和风速影响,随风幕风速增大而减小,且风幕设置在舱室门口处时风速对HRR影响较大;在舱室和走廊舱门处设置风幕均能在一定风速条件下达到较好的隔热效果,且在走廊舱门处设置风幕隔热效果更好,隔热效果随风幕风速增加而加强;当风幕设置在舱室门口时风幕无法阻止烟气向走廊蔓延,当风幕设置在走廊舱门处且风速达到6 m/s时,挡烟效果较好。

This paper is to investigate the effects of different air curtain positions and velocities on combustion and smoke control in cabin area under the combined action of air curtain and mechanical smoke exhaust by numerical simulation. Based on the cabin structure and layout of a typical ship, this paper establishes a full-scale model to simulate the real fire situation in which the igniter is used to ignite the blanket on one side of the cabin, and analyzes the influence of the air curtain on the smoke control in the cabin from three aspects: the influence of heat release rate(HRR), the effect of temperature insulation and the effect of smoke insulation. The results show that the HRR is affected by the position and velocity of the air curtain. The HRR decreases with the increase of the air curtain velocity and when the air curtain is set at the cabin door, the velocity of the air curtain has a great influence on the HRR. From the point of view of temperature, at a certain air curtain velocity, the air curtain at the cabin and corridor door can achieve good heat insulation effects and the heat insulation effects when the air curtain at the corridor door is better. The heat insulation effect increases with the increase of velocity. From the perspective of visibility, under the simulated conditions, when the air curtain is set at the cabin door, the air curtain can not prevent the smoke from spreading to the corridor. When the air curtain is set at the corridor door, and the air velocity reaches 6 m/s, the smoke barrier effect is great. To sum up, when the air curtain is set at the door of the corridor and the air curtain velocity is more than 6 m/s, it has a good smoke and heat insulation effect.