酸洗工艺硫酸液滴散发特性与超声波抑制散发的研究

Study on emission characteristics of sulfuric acid droplet in pickling process and ultrasonic inhibition emission

液滴是工业建筑室内环境中的典型污染物。研究液滴的散发特性并采用技术有效抑制液滴散发对保障室内环境清洁和保护人员安全至关重要。研究了硫酸酸洗过程中由于气泡破裂产生的硫酸液滴散发规律,并分析了不同酸洗工况参数(溶液温度、酸浓度、硫酸亚铁浓度)对硫酸液滴散发量的影响。结果表明,溶液温度升高对硫酸液滴散发量有显著促进作用,但亚铁离子浓度和硫酸浓度对硫酸液滴的散发量影响不大。研究了超声波对硫酸液滴散发的抑制效果:超声波设备间歇运行(15 s开启/15 s关闭)时,20℃酸洗工艺中,振幅为94μm、作用距离为15 cm的超声波会使硫酸液滴散发量减少31.25%;50℃酸洗工艺中,振幅为94μm、作用距离为20 cm的超声波会使硫酸液滴散发量减少22.92%。研究结果可为硫酸酸洗工艺中硫酸液滴的控制提供一定指导,为使用超声波技术抑制有害液滴散发提供试验支撑与数据参考,为抑制有害液滴的散发提供新的解决思路与技术手段。

Liquid droplets are typical pollutants in the indoor environment of industrial buildings.Indoor environment and personnel safety need to study droplet emission characteristics and use technology to effectively control droplet emission.In this paper,the emission law of sulfuric acid droplets produced by bubble rupture in the process of acid pickling was studied,and the influence of different pickling parameters(solution temperature,acid concentration,ferrous sulfate concentration)on the emission of sulfuric acid droplets was analyzed.It was found that the acid pickling temperature had a significant influence on the emission of sulfuric acid droplets.When the pickling temperature was between 25℃and 55℃,at different temperatures,the emission of sulfuric acid droplets could be up to 4 times different.Sulfuric acid concentration and the concentration of ferrous ions have little effect on the emission of sulfuric acid droplets.When the mass concentration of the sulfuric acid solution in the pickling process is between 8%and 20%,and the concentration of ferrous ion is between 0 and 0.75 mol/L.The emission of sulfuric acid droplets under different conditions is less than 20%.The inhibition effect of ultrasonic on the emission of sulfuric acid droplets was studied for the first time.When the ultrasonic equipment was running intermittently(15 s on/15 s off),in the pickling process at 20℃,the ultrasonic wave with the amplitude of 94μm and the action distance of 15 cm could reduce the emission of sulfuric acid droplets by 31.25%.In the pickling process at 50℃,the ultrasonic wave with an amplitude of 94μm and the action distance of 20 cm can reduce the emission of sulfuric acid droplets by 22.92%.The results of this study can provide some guidance for the control of sulfuric acid droplets in the acid pickling process and experimental support and data reference for the use of ultrasonic technology to suppress the emission of harmful droplets.This study provides a new solution and technical means for the suppression of harmful droplets emission.