重教尊师与法兰西第三共和国时期的现代化

Respecting Teachers and Modernization during the French Third Republic

法兰西第三共和国充分强调发展教育,构建了契合时代需求的全新教育体系,在尊重并善待教师上更是表现突出。作为“教师的共和国”,它借助教育改革和充分发挥教师作用,非但成功地确保共和制受到普遍认同,引导社会观念及时更新,还促进了经济稳步发展,明显强化提升了法国的文化影响力。凡此种种,为法国在这一时期完成现代转型创造了良好条件,奠定了稳固基础。这些成就的取得,在很大程度上归结于第三共和国当局在相关过程中,既采取稳妥可行的实施路径,又切实显示出兼容并蓄的胸襟和姿态。不过,在充分肯定上述成就的同时也要看到,第三共和国当局的相关举措也并非没有缺憾,有的还对战后法国教育格局产生了不容低估的负面影响。

The French Third Republic emphasized the development of education,built a brand-new education system that responded to the needs of the times,and highlighted the role of teachers by respecting and treating them well.As a“Republic of Teachers”,the Third Republic carried out the educational reform and gave into full play the role of teachers,which successfully ensured the universal recognition of the Republic,boosted a timely renewal of social attitudes,promoted steady economic growth,and enhanced the cultural influence of France.All these created favorable conditions and laid a solid foundation for France to complete its modern transformation in this period.These achievements were largely attributed to the fact that the authorities of the Third Republic pursued a safe and feasible method in the course and adopted an all-inclusive mindset and attitude.However,while fully recognizing these achievements,it is also important to note that the initiatives of the authorities of the Third Republic were not without their shortcomings,and in some cases had a negative impact on the educational landscape of post-war France.