光能变价离子钛对3种马铃薯致病菌的抑制作用

Antimicrobial activity of titanium ion of variable valence with light energy to three potato pathogens

【目的】旨在明确光能变价离子钛(Titanium ion of variable valence with light energy, TIVL)对马铃薯的病原菌[致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)、茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)和疮痂病链霉菌(Streptomyces scabiei)]生长的抑制作用。【方法】采用含有不同浓度TIVL的培养基培养致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)、茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)和疮痂病链霉菌(Streptomyces scabiei)3种马铃薯致病菌,观察TIVL对病菌生长的影响,并通过透射电子显微镜观察马铃薯致病菌的显微结构。【结果】TIVL对3种致病菌均有明显的抑制效果。致病疫霉菌圈直径随着固体培养基中TIVL浓度的增加呈明显缩小趋势,当培养基中TIVL浓度提高到16 mg/L时,培养5~7 d仍无菌圈产生,抑菌效果与马铃薯田间生产中常用的晚疫病防控农药福帅得的抑菌效果相当。随着培养基中TIVL浓度提高,固体平板上长出的疮痂链霉菌和茄科雷尔氏菌菌落数显著减少,TIVL浓度达到16 mg/L时,疮痂链霉菌培养60 h仍未见单菌落长出,茄科雷尔氏菌培养108 h仍未见单菌落长出。以透射电镜观察含8 mg/L TIVL培养基培养的致病疫霉,发现TIVL处理后菌体显微结构发生明显变化。【结论】16 mg/L的TIVL对3种供试菌株均有较好抑菌效果。本研究可为TIVL抑菌机理的解析及马铃薯病害防控提供理论依据,为实现国家“双减”目标提供产品和技术支撑。

【Objective】Titanium ion of variable valence with light energy(TIVL) was an environmentally friendly agricultural preparation developed in recent years, which can effectively reduce crop disease incidence. This study focused on whether TIVL possessed antimicrobial activity. 【Method】Three potato pathogens, including Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Streptomyces scabiei, were cultured in the medium containing different concentrations of TIVL. The effection of TIVL on the growth of these three pathogens were analyzed. The microstructures were observed by transmission electron microscope. 【Result】It was found that TIVL suppressed the growth of the pathogens. The colony diameter decreased with the increase of TIVL concentration in solid medium. When the concentration reached 16 mg/L, no colony was found after 5-7 days. The antimicrobial activity of 16 mg/L TIVL against P. infestans was equivalent to that of fluazinam, a frequently-used pesticide for late blight control. Similarly, the colony count of R. solanacearum and S. scabiei decreased with the increase of TIVL concentration. No single colonies of R. solanacearum and S. scabiei were observed after 60 hours and 108 hours culture in the medium containing 16 mg/L TIVL, respectively. P. infestans was scraped off from the medium with 8 mg/L TIVL and observed by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that TIVL affected the microstructures of P. infestans.【Conclusion】16 mg/L TIVL can effectively inhibit the growth of P. infestans, R. solanacearum, and S. scabiei. This study provided a theoretical basis for the characterization of the mechanism of antimicrobial activity and the control of potato diseases. Moreover, it provides product and technical support for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and pesticide.