人民本位观:基于经典现代化理论反思的多维度考察及其构建路径

People-oriented View:Multi-dimensional Investigation and Its Construction Path Based on the Reflection of Classical Modernization Theory

基于现代西方主要发达国家的发展经验而产生的经典现代化理论模式,出现了“见物不见人”的异化现象,且在演化过程中逐渐蜕化为一种非均衡化的实践模式,并被窄化为以选举民主为核心的单一领域政治民主化模式,其根本原因在于没有构建起“以人为本”、体现多元现代性、展现共建共享、共富共荣取向的现代化价值。从人的自由而全面发展和人类解放的伟大社会理想追求、人民当家作主的制度体系构建、人民意志和人民利益的体现与实现以及人的需求满足和人的幸福追求等多维角度考察,可以发现“人民本位观”的多样性、丰富性和本质性特质。中国共产党构建的“人民本位观”,植根于新时代中国特色社会主义的历史实践,是融“基于人民需求说的政策体系、人民主体说的力量体系、人民权利说的制度体系和人民满意说的评价体系”等四者于一体的现代化新形态的集中体现。

Based on the experiences of modern western main developed countries,the mode of the classical modernization theory of the human society has met the dissimilation phenomenon of“ignoring the human factors and seeing only the material factors”,and has gradually been degenerated into a kind of non-equalizing practical pattern in the process of evolution,and has been turned narrowly into electoral democracy as a single political democratization pattern.The fundamental reason lies in the failure to construct the modern value basing on“people-oriented view”,reflecting the pluralistic modernity and showing the features of co-construction,cosharing,co-prosperity and co-development.The diversity,richness and essence of the people-oriented view can be found from the multidimensional perspectives of the social ideal pursuit of the all-round and free development of human beings and the great liberation of mankind,the construction of the institutional systems of the people as masters of the country,the embodiment and realization of the people’s will and interests,the satisfaction of human needs and the pursuit of happiness.The“people-oriented view”constructed by the Communist Party of China,has been rooted in the history of the practices of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era,and is the epitome of the new form of modernization based on the integration of the policy systems of people’s demands,the power systems of the people’s principal position,the institutional systems of people’s right and the evaluation system of people’s satisfaction.