对小直径深盲孔筒轴件加工方法的研究

Research on Machining Method of Small Diameter Deep Blind Hole Cylinder Shaft

薄壁大长径比深孔筒轴类零件加工是制造技术的工艺难点,零件的特殊性及加工过程中产生的弯曲变形影响了加工质量,壁厚差与直线度等几何精度是加工中的瓶颈问题,针对薄壁大长径比的小直径深盲孔轴件的技术要点、成型模式、加工模式与加工中的不利因素进行了具体的工艺分析和研究,制定了工艺方案,阐述了整体结构式和焊接结构式2种型式轴件的具体加工方法与加工效果,包括工艺流程、深孔加工、校正方法及各种工艺参数等,形成了高精度、高几何公差薄壁筒轴件的关键加工技术,拓展了薄壁深孔件加工核心技术,有效地解决了工艺难点和窄口,该技术为产品研发奠定了坚实的基础,为类似零件的加工提供了可借鉴的工艺方法与成功经验,可在机械制造领域内推广应用。

The machining of shaft parts of thin-walled deep holes cylinder with large length diameter ratio was a difficult process in manufacturing technology,the particularity of parts and the bending deformation produced in the machining process affected the machining quality,and the geometric accuracy such as wall thickness difference and straightness was the bottleneck problem in machining.In view of the technical key points,forming mode,machining mode and adverse factors in the machining of small-diameter deep blind hole shaft with thin-wall and large aspect ratio,the specific process analysis and research were carried out,and the process scheme was formulated.It was expounded that the specific machining methods and machining effects of two types of shaft parts of integral structure and welded structure including process flow,deep holes machining,correction method,various process parameters and so on.The key machining technology of thin-walled cylindrical shaft with high precision and high geometric tolerance were formed,the core machining technology of deep holes and thin-walled parts was expanded,so the process difficulties and narrow mouth were effectively solved.This technology laid a solid foundation for product research and development,and provided a reference of process method and successful experience for the machining of the similar parts,which could be popularized and applied in the field of mechanical manufacturing.