网络爬虫行为刑事规制问题研究

Issues about Criminal Regulation on Web Crawler’s Behaviors

结合当前对网络爬虫行为的刑事规制研究,深入探讨网络爬虫行为的主客观认定对网络空间治理、数据流通和互联网行业自由竞争具有重要意义。认定网络爬虫行为违法性的重要依据之一在于授权访问,数据主体单方授权访问并不合理、授权访问的认定标准尚存争议。应该加强书面规则与技术措施之间的互联,通过反网络爬虫技术措施体现对书面规则中核心内容的保护,以此明确数据主体的意思表示,同时限缩保护范围;应通过“行为目的”和主观“明知”来考察行为人的主观心理状态。此外,还应遵循知情同意原则,从数据源头这一具体路径进行规制,以解决当前网络爬虫行为的刑事规制问题。

To explore the subjective and objective identification of web crawler’s behaviors by combining it with current studies related to criminal regulation on web crawler’s behaviors is of great significance for the governance on cyberspace,data circulation and free competition in the Internet industry.Authorized access is one of the important bases to determine the illegality of web crawler’s behaviors,but the unilateral authorized access by data subject is unreasonable,so the identification standards for authorized access still remain controversial.We should strengthen the interconnection between written rules and technical measures,protect the core contents of written rules by means of anti-web-crawler technology measures,so as to clarify the meaning expression of data subjects and limit the scope of protection.Meanwhile,the subjective psychological state of the doer should be examined through"behavioral purpose"and subjective"knowing".In addition,we should follow the principle of informed consent and regulate this specific path from the data source,so as to solve the problem of criminal regulation on web crawler’s behaviors.