湖南临湘话量化副词“只”的认识及言语功能

Epistemic and Illocutionary Functions of the Quantitative Adverb Zhi(只)[ts■^(55)]in the Linxiang Dialect

湖南临湘的量化副词“只”除了具有类似普通话“只”的命题功能外,还有认识及言语功能,相当于普通话副词“都”“就”“又”“总”等的部分功能。在认识及言语域,“只”可以左向量化,其量化范围可以是整个小句,其意义通过语用推导获得。“只”的认识及言语功能是其命题功能的扩展,不确定性及非现实性是其扩展的语义条件。临湘话“只”的多功能性与普通话量化副词有区别又有一定联系,对发掘汉语同类多功能副词的语义关联有一定的启示。

The quantitative adverb"[ts■^(55)]"in the Linxiang dialect is of not only a propositional function similar to Mandarin zhi(只),but also epistemic and illocutionary functions,equivalent to part of the functions of dou(都),jiu(就),you(又),and zong(总)in Mandarin Chinese.In the domain of epistemics and speech act,the adverb只[ts■^(55)]can be left-vectorized,and its quantification range can be the whole clause,and its meaning can be obtained via pragmatic inference.The epistemic and illocutionary functions are extended from propositional function,and uncertainty and irrealis provide semantic condition for such extension.The differenece and relevance of multi-functionality of"zhi"in Linxiang dialect compared to Mandarin quantitative adverbs provide insights into the semantic association of multifunctional adverbs in Chinese.