计算机导航下全膝关节置换术治疗老年膝骨关节炎患者的效果

Effects of computer-guided total knee arthroplasty in treatment of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis

目的:探讨计算机导航下全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗老年膝骨关节炎患者的效果。方法:选取2020年6月至2021年6月该院收治的63例膝骨关节炎患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为对照组31例、观察组32例。对照组行传统TKA,观察组行计算机导航下TKA,比较两组围术期指标水平、术后下肢力线偏差角度、手术前后膝关节功能,以及并发症发生率。结果:观察组手术时间长于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,下地行走时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后髋-膝-踝角、冠状面股骨组件角、矢状面股骨组件屈曲角及冠状面胫骨组件角偏差值均小于对照组,膝关节功能评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:计算机导航下TKA应用于老年膝骨关节炎患者,虽延长了手术时间,但有利于减少术中出血量,缩短下地行走时间及住院时间,并提高下肢力线精准度,改善膝关节功能。

Objective:To explore effects of computer-guided total knee arthroplasty(TKA)in treatment of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 63 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were admitted to this hospital from June 2020 to June 2021.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group(31 cases)and observation group(32 cases).The control group underwent traditional TKA,while the observation group was given the computer-guided TKA.The perioperative indicator levels,the lower limb alignment deviation angle,the knee joint function,and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation time in the observation group was longer than that in the control group;the intraoperative blood loss was less than that in the control group;the walking time and the hospitalization time were shorter than those in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The angle deviations of hip-knee-ankle angle,coronal femoral component angle,sagittal femoral component flexion angle and coronal tibial component angle of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the knee joint function score was higher than that of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:Although computer-guided TKA for the elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis prolongs the operation time,it is beneficial to reduce the amount of intraoperative blood los s,shorten the walking time and the hospitalization time,improve the accuracy of the lower limb alignment and improve the knee joint function.