上海市虹口区曲阳街道儿童口腔卫生状况调查及影响因素研究

Investigation and influencing factors of oral hygiene status of children in Quyang Street,Hongkou District,Shanghai

目的 研究上海市虹口区曲阳街道儿童口腔卫生状况及影响因素。方法 采用整群随机抽样法,2021年12月选取曲阳第五幼儿园3~6岁学龄前儿童245例作为研究对象,其中男130例,女115例,年龄39~75个月,平均(59.78±9.05)个月。由专业口腔医师检查龋齿状况,问卷调查收集龋齿相关影响因素,采用logistic回归分析儿童龋齿的危险因素。结果 男性和女性儿童的龋齿患病率分别为15.38%和15.65%。多因素logistic回归显示:月份[比值比(OR)=1.060,95%置信区间(95%CI)为1.012~1.109]、进食甜食(OR=2.841,95%CI为1.206~6.692)、父母患龋齿(OR=1.941,95%CI为1.153~4.182)是龋齿的危险因素(P<0.05);父母照顾(OR=0.353,95%CI为0.119~0.896)、定期口腔检查(OR=0.284,95%CI为0.112~0.896)是小儿龋齿的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 让学龄前儿童养成良好的口腔卫生和饮食习惯,对预防口腔疾病的发生具有重要意义。

Objective To study the oral hygiene status and influencing factors of children in Quyang Street,Hongkou District,Shanghai.Methods Using the cluster random sampling method,a total of 245 preschool children aged three-sixyears in Quyang No.5 Kindergarten were selected as the research subjectsin December 2021,including 130 boys and 115 girls,aged 39-75 months,with an average of(59.78±9.05) months.The dental caries status was checked by professional dentists,and the related influencing factors of dental caries were collected by questionnaire,and the risk factors of dental caries in children were analyzed by logistic regression.Results The prevalence of dental caries in boys and girlswere 15.38% and 15.65%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression showed that month(OR=1.060,95%CI:1.012-1.109),eating sweets(OR=2.841,95%CI:1.206-6.692),and parental caries(OR=1.941,95%CI:1.153-4.182) were risk factors for children’sdental caries(P<0.05);Parental care(OR=0.353,95%CI:0.119-0.896) and regular oral examination(OR=0.284,95%CI:0.112-0.896) were protective factors for children’s dental caries(P<0.05).Conclusion It is of great significance for preschool children to develop good oral hygiene and eating habits to prevent the occurrence of oral diseases.