瘢痕疙瘩患者焦虑抑郁评估及医院焦虑抑郁量表的信度及因子分析

Reliability and factor analysis of anxiety and depression assessment in patients with keloid and hospital anxiety and depression scale

目的 研究瘢痕疙瘩对患者焦虑抑郁的影响,以及医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)的信度和因子结构。方法 采用HADS评估瘢痕疙瘩患者焦虑抑郁情况。采用Cronbach’s α系数和因子分析法分析HADS的信度及因子结构。结果 117例瘢痕疙瘩患者中共检出焦虑抑郁患者57例,发病率为48.72%。其中,单纯焦虑患者21例(占17.95%),单纯抑郁患者15例(占12.82%),焦虑抑郁共病患者21例(17.95%)。女性、皮损位于暴露部位及病程小于12个月的患者焦虑抑郁发生率明显高于男性、皮损位于非暴露部位及病程大于或等于12个月者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HADS总量表、焦虑分量表、抑郁分量表的Cronbach’s α系数分别是0.829、0.757、0.777。因子分析显示,HADS量表用于瘢痕疙瘩患者测评时,特征值大于1的因子有4个,累计贡献率达64.82%。结论 瘢痕疙瘩患者存在焦虑抑郁心理问题,HADS可以用来筛查瘢痕疙瘩患者的焦虑抑郁,具有较好的信度和内容效度。

Objective To investigate the effect of keloid on anxiety and depression in patients,and the reliability and factor structure of the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS).Methods HADS was used to evaluate anxiety and depression in keloid patients.Cronbach’s α coefficient and factor analysis were used to analyze the reliability and factor structure of HADS.Results A total of 57 patients with anxiety and depression were detected in 117 keloid patients,with an incidence rate of 48.72%.Among them,there were 21 patients with simple anxiety(17.95%),15 patients with simple depression(12.82%),and 21 patients with comorbidity of anxiety and depression(17.95%).The incidence of anxiety and depression in women,patients with skin lesions located at exposed sites and the disease duration less than 12 months was significantly higher than that in men,skin lesions located at non-exposed sites and disease duration greater than or equal to 12 months,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the HADS total scale,anxiety subscale,and depression subscale were 0.829,0.757,and 0.777,respectively.Factor analysis showed that when the HADS scale was used to evaluate keloid patients,there were four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate was 64.82%.Conclusion Keloid Patients have psychological problems of anxiety and depression.HADS can be used to screen the anxiety and depression of patients with keloids,with good reliability and content validity.