中国油菜生产技术效率测算及其影响因素——基于农机服务视角的研究

Calculation of technical efficiency of rapeseed production in China and its influencing factors:Research from the perspective of agricultural machinery service

基于2004—2018年13个油菜主产省和全国平均投入产出的面板数据,测算各省油菜生产技术效率,并进一步探究农机服务水平对油菜生产技术效率的影响。选取超越对数随机前沿分析方法,测算油菜生产技术效率并同时估计其影响因素。结果表明,中国油菜生产技术效率存在明显地区的差异,其中四川、江苏、青海3省的油菜生产技术效率最高,贵州、江西、云南3省的油菜生产技术效率较低;农机服务比例对油菜技术效率提升存在显著正向影响,同时财政支农水平、RD投入强度、基础设施水平存在显著正向影响,受灾面积比例存在显著负向影响。通过增加油菜农机服务的投入能改善其投入要素配置情况,从而提升油菜生产的技术效率。

Based on the panel data of 13 major rape producing provinces and the national average input-output from 2004 to 2018,the technical efficiency of rapeseed production in each province was calculated,and the impact of agricultural machinery service level on the technical efficiency of rapeseed production was further explored.The method of transcendental logarithm random frontier analysis was selected to measure the technical efficiency of rape production and estimate its influencing factors.The results showed that there were obvious regional differences in the technical efficiency of rapeseed production in China.Among them,the technical efficiency of rape production in Sichuan,Jiangsu and Qinghai was the highest,and the technical efficiency of rapeseed production in Guizhou,Jiangxi and Yunnan was lower.The proportion of agricultural machinery service had a significant positive impact on the improvement of rape technical efficiency,while the level of financial support for agriculture,RD investment intensity and infrastructure level had a significant positive impact,and the proportion of disaster-affected areas had a significant negative impact.By increasing the input of rape agricultural machinery service,the allocation of input factors could be improved,so as to enhance the technical efficiency of rape production.