基于DMSP/OLS数据的新疆城镇化进程研究

Research on urbanization process in Xinjiang based on DMSP/OLS data

基于DMSP/OLS夜间灯光遥感数据,采用“象限4分法”对新疆城镇化发展从整体-部分-局部的区域性差异展开分析,探究新疆维吾尔自治区(简称新疆)1992—2013年城镇化发展进程。结果表明,1992年新疆城镇化水平较低,城镇化基础薄弱,城镇面积为4867 km^(2),城镇夜间灯光DN均值为19.2。1992—2013年发展迅速,城镇夜间灯光DN均值增长至35.5;按照天山山脉划分为南疆、北疆,发现北疆城镇化水平高于南疆;依据“奇策线”划分为东疆、西疆,发现西疆城镇化水平显著高于东疆。1992—2013年南疆、北疆城镇面积差由2831 km^(2)增长至4049 km^(2);东疆、西疆城镇面积差由3689 km^(2)增长至11329 km^(2),表明相较于天山山脉,“奇策线”对划分新疆城镇化发展水平效果更为显著;运用“象限4分法”对新疆城镇化水平对比分析,各象限城镇化水平差异显著,城镇化水平由高到低依次为第二象限、第三象限、第一象限、第四象限。综上所述,1992—2013年新疆城镇化发展速度较快,城镇化区域性差距较大,不同区域内城镇扩张速率有所差异,总体呈现区域内的发展不平衡。

Based on DMSP/OLS nighttime light remote sensing data,this paper uses the‘quadrant four points method’to analyze the regional differences of urbanization development in Xinjiang from the whole-part-local,and explores the urbanization development process of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Xinjiang)from 1992 to 2013.The results showed that the urbanization level of Xinjiang in 1992 was low,the urbanization foundation was weak,the urban area was 4867 km^(2),and the mean value of nighttime lighting DN was 19.2.With rapid development of Xinjiang in 1992—2013,the average value of urban nighttime light DN increased to 35.5;Xinjiang was divided into southern and northern Xinjiang according to the Tianshan Mountain,and it was found that the level of urbanization in northern Xinjiang was higher than that in southern Xinjiang;according to the‘Qitai-Cele line’,it was divided into eastern and western Xinjiang,and it was found that the urbanization level in western Xinjiang was significantly higher than that in eastern Xinjiang.From 1992 to 2013,the urban area difference between southern and northern Xinjiang increased from 2831 km^(2) to 4049 km^(2);the urban area difference between eastern and western Xinjiang increased from 3689 km^(2) to 11329 km^(2),indicating that compared with the Tianshan Mountains,the‘Qitai-Cele line’was more effective in dividing the level of urbanization in Xinjiang.Using the‘quadrant four points method’to compare and analyze the urbanization level of Xinjiang,the difference of urbanization level in each quadrant was obvious.The urbanization level from high to low was the second quadrant,the third quadrant,the first quadrant and the fourth quadrant.In summary,from 1992 to 2013,the development of urbanization in Xinjiang was rapid,the regional gap of urbanization was large,and the rate of urban expansion in different regions is different and the overall development in the region is unbalanced.