人力资本、非农就业与农村家庭减贫——基于新疆温泉县的实证分析

Human capital,non-agricultural employment and poverty reduction in rural families:An empirical analysis based on Wenquan County,Xinjiang

为打赢脱贫攻坚战,巩固脱贫攻坚成果,需要从激发内力入手建立解决相对贫困的长效机制,而人力资本是激发内力、缓解相对贫困的重要因素。基于人力资本视角,利用二元Logistic模型,分析了新疆维吾尔自治区温泉县人力资本对农村家庭减贫的影响,探讨了非农就业水平在人力资本作用于贫困过程的中介效应。结果表明,在相对贫困的标准下,贫困农村家庭的教育、健康、技能培训和迁移水平均比非贫困农村家庭的水平低;教育、健康、技能培训和迁移人力资本均对农村家庭减贫具有显著影响,且健康的缓解相对贫困的作用大于技能培训大于迁移大于教育;人力资本会通过非农就业水平对农村家庭减贫产生作用。给出增加人力资本积累的对策和促进非农就业的建议。

In order to win the battle of poverty alleviation and consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation,it is necessary to establish a long-term mechanism to solve relative poverty by stimulating internal forces,and human capital is an important factor to stimulate internal forces to alleviate relative poverty.Based on the perspective of human capital,this paper analyzed the impact of human capital on poverty reduction of rural families in Wenquan County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region by using the binary Logistic model,and discussed the mediating effect of non-agricultural employment level in the process of human capital acting on poverty.The results showed that the levels of education,health,skills training and migration of poor rural households are lower than those of nonpoor rural households under relative poverty standards;education,health,skills training and migration of human capital have a significant indigenous impact on poverty reduction in rural households,and the role in alleviating relative poverty is health>skills training>migration>education;human capital will play a role in poverty reduction of rural families through the level of non-agricultural employment.Countermeasures to increase human capital accumulation and suggestions to promote non-agricultural employment are given.