数字金融对农户贫困脆弱性的影响及其异质性分析

The impact of digital finance on farmers’vulnerability to poverty and its heterogeneity analysis

将2015年、2017年与2019年中国家庭金融数据与北京大学数字金融数据相匹配,采用Probit模型实证检验数字金融与农户贫困脆弱性的关系。结果表明,数字金融与农户贫困脆弱性之间呈显著的负相关关系,数字金融使用深度对降低农户发生贫困脆弱性的效应更大。异质性分析表明,数字金融对降低中西部地区农户、人口规模小区域农户、经济发展水平较低区域农户的贫困脆弱性效应显著,而对东部地区农户、人口规模较大区域农户及经济发展水平较高区域农户的贫困脆弱性降低效应不显著;相较于直接减贫,数字金融降低农户贫困脆弱性的效应更多在于防贫;数字金融对降低中青年户主、受教育水平高的户主的贫困脆弱性降低效应显著,而对降低老年户主和受教育水平低的户主的贫困脆弱性的影响不显著。

The data of Chinese household finance in 2015,2017,and 2019 were matched with the digital financial data of Peking University,and the Probit model was used to empirically test the relationship between digital finance and farmers’vulnerability to poverty.The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between digital finance and farmers’poverty vulnerability,and the depth of digital finance had a greater effect on reducing farmers’poverty vulnerability.Heterogeneity analysis showed that digital finance had a significant effect on reducing the poverty vulnerability of farmers in the central and western regions,small population regions,and regions with low economic development level,while it had no significant effect on reducing the poverty vulnerability of farmers in the eastern regions,large population regions,and regions with high economic development level.Compared with direct poverty reduction,the effect of digital finance on reducing farmers’poverty vulnerability lied more in poverty prevention.Digital finance had a significant effect on reducing the poverty vulnerability of young and middle-aged heads of households and heads of households with high education level,while it had no significant effect on reducing the poverty vulnerability of elderly heads of households and heads of households with low education level.