健康教育对母婴同室产妇产后护理的影响研究

Research on the effect of health education on postpartum care of mothers and infants in the same room

目的探究健康教育对母婴同室产妇产后护理的影响。方法选取122例母婴同室产妇,根据随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各61例。对照组产妇实施常规护理,观察组产妇在常规护理基础上实施针对性的产后健康教育。比较两组产妇护理前后负性情绪、健康教育效果、护理满意度及并发症发生情况。结果护理前,两组产妇汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组产妇HAMD、HAMA评分均明显低于护理前,观察组产妇HAMD、HAMA评分(7.43±1.35)、(6.65±1.66)分,明显低于对照组的(11.26±2.38)、(8.56±1.27)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组产妇涨奶发生率明显低于对照组,而脐带护理掌握率、纯母乳喂养率、健康知识掌握率、婴儿沐浴掌握率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组产妇护理满意度为98.36%,明显高于对照组的83.61%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康教育对母婴同室产妇产后护理能有效改善焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,促进产妇尽快适应角色,降低并发症发生,提高护理满意度,值得推广与应用。

Objective To explore the effect of health education on postpartum care of mothers and infants in the same room.Methods 122 parturients were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method,61 cases in each group.The puerpera in the control group received routine nursing,while the puerpera in the observation group received targeted postpartum health education on the basis of routine nursing.The negative emotion,health education effect,nursing satisfaction and complications before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the scores of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing,the scores of HAMD and HAMA in the two groups were significantly lower than those before nursing.The scores of HAMD and HAMA in the observation group were(7.43±1.35)and(6.65±1.66),which were significantly lower than those in the control group(11.26±2.38)and(8.56±1.27),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of puerpera in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,while the mastery rate of umbilical cord nursing,exclusive breastfeeding,health knowledge and infant bathing in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 98.36%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(83.61%),and the difference was statistically significant(PV0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(PV0.05).Conclusion Health education can effectively improve the negative emotions such as anxiety and depression,promote the puerpera to adapt to the role as soon as possible,reduce the occurrence of complications,and improve nursing satisfaction,which is worthy of promotion and application.