特异性靶点光热剂在光热治疗领域的研究进展

Research Progress of Specific Target Photothermal Agents in the Field of Photothermal Therapy

光热疗法是一种利用光热剂将光能转变为热能,通过局部加热并触发生化过程来杀死肿瘤细胞的一种肿瘤治疗方法。由于照射光具有易聚焦和易调整的特性,因此光热治疗能以非侵入的方式,直接、精准地在局部进行治疗。本文对不同类型的光热剂的最新进展进行了总结,根据识别位点的不同,从“细胞外靶点”、“细胞上的靶点”和“细胞内靶点”三个方面,对典型的特异性靶点光热剂进行了详细的介绍。最后讨论了基于光热转换纳米材料的肿瘤光热治疗在临床应用方面面临的局限性和挑战。

Photothermal therapy,which focuses on the conversion of light energy into heat through photothermal agents,is an effective cancer treatment that kills tumor cells by local heating and triggering biochemical processes.Because of the easily focused and adjustability of irradiated light,photothermal therapy can be applied in a non-invasive manner with direct and precise localized treatment.In this paper,we summarize the recent advances of different types of photothermal agents.According to the different recognition sites,typical specific target photothermal agents are introduced in detail from the three aspects of“extracellular targets”,“supracellular targets”and“intracellular targets”.Finally,the limitations and challenges of clinical applications of photothermal therapy for tumors based on photothermal conversion nanomaterials are discussed.