现代哈萨克语名词重叠式研究

A Study on Noun Reduplication in Modern Kazakh Language

“重叠”是现代哈萨克语中常见的语法手段之一,是语法系统的重要组成部分。名词根据其不同的意义类别和特征具有不同的重叠式。从语法、语义、语用3个平面的角度对现代哈萨克语中名词的重叠式进行剖析,发现了现代哈萨克语中名词重叠式的5种基本构成类别,它的句法功能主要是在句中多作宾语、状语、定语等成分。通过对现代哈萨克语名词重叠式语义分析发现该重叠式多表示复数、程度减轻、比喻及程度加深的意义;对其语用分析发现名词重叠式一般会受到语言经济原则的影响,并且要考虑语体这个方面,以弄清在什么样的语境下使用名词重叠式才能达到表述目的。

Reduplication is one of the common grammatical means in modern Kazakh language and an important part of the grammatical system.Nouns have different overlapping patterns according to their different meaning categories and features.This paper analyzes the reduplication of nouns in modern Kazakh language from the angles of grammar,semantics and pragmatics,and finds five basic types of reduplication of nouns in modern Kazakh language.Its syntactic function is to make more objects,adverbials and attributives in sentences.Through the semantic analysis of the reduplication of nouns in modern Kazakh language,it is found that the reduplication expresses the meanings of plural,reduced,figurative and deepened degree.The pragmatic analysis reveals that the reduplication of nouns is generally influenced by the principle of economy of language,and the aspect of style should be considered in order to find out the context in which the reduplication of nouns can be used.