越轨创新对员工反生产行为的双刃剑效应

Double-Edged Sword Effect of Bootlegging on Employees′ Counterproductive Work Behavior

在鼓励创新的时代背景下,越轨创新正成为组织突破创新瓶颈和困境的重要途径。由于越轨创新兼具目的合法和手段非法双重属性,其作用并不总是积极的,还可能存在潜在的消极作用,然而已有研究缺少对该问题的关注。因此,有必要对越轨创新作用的双刃剑效应进行研究,并挖掘越轨创新产生积极作用和消极作用的边界机制。基于道德补偿理论,从越轨创新的双重属性出发,探讨越轨创新与道德认同的交互作用对心理内疚感和心理权利感的影响,以及心理内疚感和心理权利感在上述交互作用与员工反生产行为之间的中介作用,构建有中介的调节模型。采用3时点的问卷调查方法,收集来自辽宁、北京和河北等地的315名企业员工的实证数据,运用Spss 23.0软件和Process插件进行回归分析和简单斜率分析,检验越轨创新与道德认同的交互作用对心理内疚感和心理权利感的影响;采用层次回归和bootstrap分析,检验心理内疚感和心理权利感对反生产行为的影响以及有中介的调节作用。研究结果表明,当道德认同高时,越轨创新与道德认同交互对心理内疚感具有正向影响;当道德认同低时,越轨创新与道德认同交互对心理权利感具有正向影响。心理内疚感对反生产行为具有负向影响,心理权利感对反生产行为具有正向影响,心理内疚感和心理权利感在越轨创新与道德认同的交互对反生产行为的影响中起中介作用,表现出有中介的调节作用。研究结果从越轨创新的双重属性出发,丰富了越轨创新对员工行为的研究,调和了现有关于越轨创新利弊的争论,证实了越轨创新具有双刃剑效应;从道德补偿理论出发,为解释越轨创新的作用提供了新视角,同时将道德认同引入越轨创新的研究领域,丰富了道德认同作为边界机制的理论应用。研究结果为企业管理者正确认识并管理越轨创新提供了参考和借鉴。

In the era of encouraging innovation, bootlegging is becoming a bottleneck of organization innovation and the plight of important way. Because of the bootlegging legal and illegally dual attribute, its effect is not always positive, there may also be potential negative effects, However, there is a lack of attention to this issue, so it is necessary to study the double-edged sword effect of the consequences of bootlegging, and explore the boundary mechanism of positive and negative consequences of bootlegging.Based on the moral compensation theory, this study discusses the effect of the interaction between bootlegging and moral identity on psychological guilt and psychological entitlement from the dual attribute of bootlegging. Furthermore, the mediating effect of psychological guilt and psychological entitlement on the above interaction items and employees′ counterproductive work behavior is explored, and a mediated moderation model is constructed. The empirical data of 315 employees from Liaoning, Beijing and Hebei were collected using a 3-point questionnaire survey. Spss 23.0 software and Process plug-in were used to conduct regression analysis and simple slope analysis to test the effect of the interaction between bootlegging and moral identity on psychological guilt and psychological entitlement. Hierarchical regression and Bootstrap analysis were conducted to test the influence of psychological guilt and psychological entitlement on counterproductive work behavior and the mediating effect.The results show that: First, when moral identity is high, bootlegging and moral identity interaction have a positive impact on psychological guilt;when moral identity is low, deviant innovation and moral identity interaction have a positive impact on psychological entitlement. Second, psychological guilt has a negative impact on counterproductive work behavior, and psychological entitlement has a positive impact on counterproductive work behavior. Third, psychological guilt and psychological entitlement play a mediating role in the interaction terms of bootlegging and moral identity on counterproductive work behavior, thus showing a mediated moderation effect.Starting from the dual nature of bootlegging, the research results enrich the research of bootlegging on employee behavior,reconcile the existing debate about the advantages and disadvantages of bootlegging, and confirm the “double-edged sword”effect of bootlegging. Starting from the moral compensation theory, this study provides a new perspective to explain the effects and consequences of bootlegging, and introduces moral identity into the research field of bootlegging, enriching the theoretical application of moral identity as a boundary mechanism. The research conclusion provides reference for enterprise managers on how to correctly management bootlegging.